Reconstruction:Latin/suta

This Latin entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Latin

Etymology

Generally regarded as coming from Proto-Slavic *sъto, which is ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm (whence centum).

It has also been proposed that the Slavic *sъto and the Romance *suta were parallel borrowings from some (unattested) Thracian descendant of Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsutə/

Numeral

*suta f (Proto-Balkan-Romance)

hundred

Reconstruction notes

Note that the Balkan Romance numerals from 11 to 19 and the multiples of ten from 20 to 90 were calqued from Slavic^[2]^{[note 1]} (with the exception of Aromanian yinghits < Latin vīgintī). The numeral for 100 could not be calqued from Slavic since *sъto was not a transparent compound like the others.

The adoption of an early Slavic o-neuter as a Balkan Romance a-feminine is regular.^[3] Cf. Romanian cerneală, nicovală, vadră.

The foreign adoption of early Slavic reduced vowels (/ь, ъ/ presumably /ɪ, ʊ/) as close vowels (/i, u/) is also reflected in Romanian sticlă, mătură as well as numerous early borrowings into other languages.^[4]

*suta has been displaced in Istro-Romanian by a newer Slavic borrowing sto.

Descendants

Aromanian: sutã
Megleno-Romanian: sută
Romanian: sută

References

Loporcaro, Michele & Gardani, Francesco & Giudici, Alberto. 2021. “Contact-induced complexification in the gender system of Istro-Romanian”. Journal of Language Contact. 14: 72–126.
Paliga, Sorin. 1988. “Slovansko *sъto – izzivalen problem?”. Slavistična Revija. 36: 349–58.
Saenko, Mikhail. 2023. “Праславянские «Редуцированные» и Гласные u и i в словенском говоре Валбурги: Некоторые параллели”. Исследования по славянской диалектологии. 24: 5–39.

^ Paligan 1988
^ Loporcaro et al. 2021: 78.
^ Loporcaro et al. 2021: 78.
^ Saenko 2023: 21–2

^ Admittedly, the presence of similar numerals in Albanian might suggest a Palaeo-Balkan pattern. At present, there does not appear to be any clear pre-Slavic evidence one way or another. Possibly relevant is the fact that Balkan Romance shows no parallel to the mixed-vigesimal system found in Albanian.

[1] Paligan 1988

[2] Loporcaro et al. 2021: 78.

[4] Loporcaro et al. 2021: 78.

[5] Saenko 2023: 21–2

[3] Admittedly, the presence of similar numerals in Albanian might suggest a Palaeo-Balkan pattern. At present, there does not appear to be any clear pre-Slavic evidence one way or another. Possibly relevant is the fact that Balkan Romance shows no parallel to the mixed-vigesimal system found in Albanian.

[1]

[2]

[note 1]

[3]

[4]