Reconstruction:Latin/figicare
Latin
Etymology
From fīgō (“drive in, fix in place”) + -ĭcāre, with early syncope of /ĭ/ and assimilation of /ɡk/ to /kk/ (cf. *trūdicāre).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fikˈkare/
Verb
*fīgicō (present infinitive *fīgicāre, perfect active *fīgicāvī, supine *fīgicātum); first conjugation(Proto-Italo-Western-Romance)
Reconstruction notes
The nasal infix observed in Ibero-Romance and (rarely) Occitan is of uncertain origin, but may perhaps be influenced by fingere.
Conjugation
Italo-Western Romance conjugation of *fīgicō
| infinitive | *figẹcárę | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | *figẹcántẹs | ||||||
| gerund | *figẹcándọ | ||||||
| past participle | *figẹcátọ | ||||||
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| simple tenses | present | *fígẹcọ | *fígẹcas | *fígẹcat | *figẹcámọs | *figẹcátẹs | *fígẹcant |
| imperfect | *figẹcávã | *figẹcávas | *figẹcávat | *figẹcavámọs | *figẹcavátẹs | *figẹcávant | |
| perfect | *figẹcái | *figẹcásti | *figẹcáút | *figẹcámmọs | *figẹcástẹs | *figẹcárọnt | |
| pluperfect | *figẹcárã | *figẹcáras | *figẹcárat | *figẹcarámọs | *figẹcarátẹs | *figẹcárant | |
| future perfect | *figẹcárẽ | *figẹcárẹs | *figẹcárẹt | *figẹcárẹmọs | *figẹcárẹtẹs | *figẹcárẹnt | |
| future | *figẹcárę áviọ | *figẹcárę ávẹs | *figẹcárę ávęt | *figẹcárę avẹ́mọs | *figẹcárę avẹ́tẹs | *figẹcárę ávęnt | |
| conditional | *figẹcárę avẹ́vã | *figẹcárę avẹ́vas | *figẹcárę avẹ́vat | *figẹcárę avẹvámọs | *figẹcárę avẹvátẹs | *figẹcárę avẹ́vant | |
| compound tenses | perfect | *áviọ figẹcátọ | *ávẹs figẹcátọ | *ávęt figẹcátọ | *avẹ́mọs figẹcátọ | *avẹ́tẹs figẹcátọ | *ávęnt figẹcátọ |
| pluperfect | *avẹ́vã figẹcátọ | *avẹ́vas figẹcátọ | *avẹ́vat figẹcátọ | *avẹvámọ figẹcátọ | *avẹvátẹs figẹcátọ | *avẹ́vant figẹcátọ | |
| future perfect | *avẹ́rę áviọ figẹcátọ | *avẹ́rę ávẹs figẹcátọ | *avẹ́rę ávęt figẹcátọ | *avẹ́rę avẹ́mọs figẹcátọ | *avẹ́rę avẹ́tẹs figẹcátọ | *avẹ́rę ávęnt figẹcátọ | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| present | *fígẹcẽ | *fígẹcẹs | *fígẹcęt | *figẹcẹ́mọs | *figẹcẹ́tẹs | *fígẹcęnt | |
| imperfect | *figẹcárẽ | *figẹcárẹs | *figẹcáręt | *figẹcarẹ́mọs | *figẹcarẹ́tẹs | *figẹcáręnt | |
| pluperfect | *figẹcássẽ | *figẹcássẹs | *figẹcássęt | *figẹcassẹ́mọs | *figẹcassẹ́tẹs | *figẹcássęnt | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| — | second | — | — | second | — | ||
| present | — | *fígẹca | — | — | *figẹcátę | — | |
Descendants
- Italo-Dalmatian:
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: ficjâ, fičhâ
- Ladin: ficèr, ficé, ficë, ficia
- Romansh: fitśer
- Gallo-Italic:
- Piedmontese: fichè
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
References
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “*fīgĭcare”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 3: D–F, page 506