Qırım

Crimean Tatar

Alternative spellings
Arabic	قریم
Soviet Latin	Qrьm
Romanian Latin	Kîrîm
Cyrillic	Кърым / Къырым
Ukranian Latin	Qırım

Etymology

Recorded as قریم (qrym /⁠qırım⁠/) in literary Chagatai.

Further long disputed and uncertain, some possibilities are:

A corruption of the source of Cimmerian (Latin Cimmerium)
From the old Turkic word *qurum (“protection, defense”)
From Ancient Greek κρημνοί (krēmnoí, “cliffs”), mentioned by Herodotus, from κρημνός (krēmnós, “trench's edge”).^[1]
Compared to Karakhanid [Term?] (/⁠qarïm⁠/, “ditch”) and Karakhanid [Term?] (/⁠qorum⁠/, “a massive rock, a pile of rocks”).^[1]^{[n 1]}

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /qɯˈrɯm/, [qɨ̞̆ˈɾɨ̞m]
Hyphenation: Qı‧rım

Proper noun

Qırım

Crimea (a geographic region and peninsula in Eastern Europe, jutting out into the Black Sea; de facto occupied and annexed in 2014 as a republic of Russia, but internationally recognized as an autonomous republic of Ukraine :)
Qırım Hanlığı ― the Crimean Khanate

Declension

Declension of *Qırım*
nominative	Qırım
genitive	Qırımnıñ
dative	Qırımğa
accusative	Qırımnı
locative	Qırımda
ablative	Qırımdan

Related terms

qırımlı

Descendants

→ Arabic: القِرْم (al-qirm)
→ Chagatai: قریم (qrym /⁠qırım⁠⁠/)
- Uzbek: Qrim
- Uyghur: قىرىم (qirim)
→ Latin: Crimaea
- Italian: Crimea
  - → English: Crimea
- French: Crimée
  - → Persian: کریمه (kerime)
→ Ottoman Turkish: قریم (kırım), Գըրըմ (Kırım) — Armeno-Turkish
- Turkish: Kırım
- → Armenian: Խըրըմ (Xərəm)
→ Persian: قرم (qerem)
→ Russian: Крым (Krym)
→ Ukrainian: Крим (Krym)

Notes

^ for the forms, see Clauson, Gerard (1972), “karım, korum”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 659-660

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Atasoy, Faysal Okan (2017), Kırım Yurtına ve Ol Taraflarga Dair Bolgan Yarlıglar ve Hatlar (1520-1742 Kırım Tatarcasıyla Yarlıklar ve Mektuplar) [Decrees and Letters written in 1520-1742 Crimean Tatar] (in Turkish), volume II, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, →ISBN, page 815

Cimmerium in Encyclopedia Britannica 4th edition (1810). Alexander MacBean, Samuel Johnson, Cimmerium in A Dictionary of Ancient Geography (1773).
George Vernadsky, Michael Karpovich, A History of Russia, Yale University Press, 1952, p. 53.
Herodotus, The Histories, Book 4, chapter 20
“Qırım”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)