London
English
Etymology
From Middle English Londoun, from Old English Lunden, from Proto-Celtic via Latin Londinium – see for details. Doublet of Londinium.
Pronunciation
- enPR: lŭn'dən, IPA(key): /ˈlʌn.dən/
- (dialectal) enPR: lŭ'nən, IPA(key): /ˈlʌ.nən/
- (Northern England) IPA(key): /ˈlʊn.dən/
Audio (UK): (file) - Rhymes: -ʌndən
Proper noun
London (countable and uncountable, plural Londons)
- The capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England, within Greater London. Situated on the tidal River Thames in southeast England, with a metropolitan population of more than 13,000,000.
- 2022 October 12, Bernardine Evaristo, “Read Your Way Through London”, in The New York Times[1], archived from the original on 11 May 2023:
- An eccentric city with a live-and-let-live vibe, London is a place where people can be free to be themselves, find the communities to which they belong and write whatever they want. There are, in a sense, many Londons for writers to explore.
- A former administrative county of England, created in 1889 from parts of Kent, Middlesex and Surrey, and merged into Greater London in 1965.
- (metonymic) The government of the United Kingdom, otherwise known as Westminster.
- A city in southwestern Ontario, Canada, with a population of approximately 300,000.
- A small agricultural village in the commune of Savigny-sur-Seille, Saône-et-Loire department, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region, France.
- A village in Kiritimati atoll, Kiribati.
- 1993, Derek A. Scott, “A DIRECTORY OF WETLANDS IN OCEANIA”, in Wetlands International[2], archived from the original on 30 August 2018, page 188:
- The principal economic activity is copra production, the Government copra plantation covering some 5,170 ha. The population in 1989 was estimated at 2,000, the great majority of whom live in London, Banana and Poland villages in the west.
- An urban neighborhood of the city of Belgrade, Serbia.
- Several places in the United States:
- A small city in Pope County, Arkansas, with a population of approximately 900.
- A census-designated place in Tulare County, California, with a population of approximately 1,800.
- An unincorporated community in Moral Township, Shelby County, Indiana.
- A city, the county seat of Laurel County, Kentucky, with a population of approximately 8,000.
- A township and unincorporated community therein, in Monroe County, Michigan.
- A township and unincorporated community therein, in Freeborn County, Minnesota.
- A city, the county seat of Madison County, Ohio, with a population of approximately 9,000.
- An unincorporated community in Kimble County, Texas, with a population of approximately 180.
- An unincorporated community in Kanawha County, West Virginia.
- An unincorporated community in Dane County and Jefferson County, Wisconsin.
- A habitational surname for someone from London.
- (rare) A unisex given name transferred from the place name.
- 2012, Louise Erdrich, The Round House, Corsair, published 2013, →ISBN, page 178:
- Sonja made me promise I would go to college. She said she'd wanted her daughter, Murphy, to go. She'd named her baby Murphy because it could never be a stripper name. But her daughter had changed her name to London.
Synonyms
- (in the United Kingdom): the Big Smoke, Eine, the Great Wen, Londongrad, Londonistan, Moscow-on-Thames, Rum-ville, the Smoke
Derived terms
- City of London
- East London
- Greater London
- Little London
- London Bridge
- London broil
- London-centric
- London City
- London Colney
- London dispersion force
- Londoner
- Londonese
- London Fields
- London fog
- Londongrad
- Londonish
- Londonism
- Londonistan
- Londonize
- London Lakes
- London moment
- London paste
- Londonphile
- London plane
- London pride
- London rocket
- Londonshire
- London sink
- London smoke
- London to a brick
- London tuft
- London Underground
- Londonward
- London weighting
- Lord Mayor of London
- Multicultural London English
- New London
- Tower of London
Descendants
Translations
See also
- the City
- Cockney
- Londonshire
References
- Jespersen, Otto (1909), A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles (Sammlung germanischer Elementar- und Handbücher; 9)[3], volume I: Sounds and Spellings, London: George Allen & Unwin, published 1961, § 7.72, page 222.
- 2003, A. D. Mills, A Dictionary of British Place-Names, Oxford University Press, →ISBN:
- Report on the Kiribati 2015 Census of Population and Housing
Further reading
- “London”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “London”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- “London”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
- “London”, in Collins English Dictionary.
- London in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
- London in the Encyclopædia Britannica (12th edition, 1922)
Anagrams
Azerbaijani
Proper noun
London
- London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)
Danish
Proper noun
London
- London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lɔndə(n)/
Proper noun
London n
Usage notes
The city in England, capital of England and the United Kingdom, is invariably named Londen in Dutch. The spelling “London” is used for other cities, such as London, Ontario.
Estonian
Proper noun
London
- London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)
Faroese
Proper noun
London ?
- London (the capital of the United Kingdom; the capital of England)
German
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlɔndɔn/ (most common)
- IPA(key): /ˈlɔndn̩/ (particularly Swiss; also elsewhere, but often perceived as affected)
Audio (Germany (Berlin)): (file)
Proper noun
London n (proper noun, genitive Londons or (optionally with an article) London)
- London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈlondon]
- Hyphenation: Lon‧don
- Rhymes: -on
Proper noun
London
- London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | London | — |
| accusative | Londont | — |
| dative | Londonnak | — |
| instrumental | Londonnal | — |
| causal-final | Londonért | — |
| translative | Londonná | — |
| terminative | Londonig | — |
| essive-formal | Londonként | — |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | Londonban | — |
| superessive | Londonon | — |
| adessive | Londonnál | — |
| illative | Londonba | — |
| sublative | Londonra | — |
| allative | Londonhoz | — |
| elative | Londonból | — |
| delative | Londonról | — |
| ablative | Londontól | — |
| non-attributive possessive – singular |
Londoné | — |
| non-attributive possessive – plural |
Londonéi | — |
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person sing. | Londonom | — |
| 2nd person sing. | Londonod | — |
| 3rd person sing. | Londonja | — |
| 1st person plural | Londonunk | — |
| 2nd person plural | Londonotok | — |
| 3rd person plural | Londonjuk | — |
Derived terms
- londoni
Middle English
Proper noun
London
- alternative form of Londoun
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From English London, from Middle English London (“London”), from Old English Lunden (“London”), a borrowing from Latin Londinium (“London”), likely from Proto-Celtic *Londinjon (“place that floods”), from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“to sink; subdue”) - see the Latin entry for details.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlɔndɔn/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɔn
- Hyphenation: Lon‧don
Proper noun
London
- London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England) with a metropolitan population of more than 13,000,000.
- London ligger på begge sider av elven Themsen i Sørøst-England.
- London is located on both sides of the River Thames in the South East of England.
- London ligger på begge sider av elven Themsen i Sørøst-England.
- London (a former administrative county of England), created in 1889 from parts of Kent, Middlesex and Surrey, and merged into Greater London in 1965.
- (figuratively) The government of the United Kingdom.
- London (a city in southwestern Ontario, Canada), with a population of approximately 300,000.
- London (a small agricultural village in the commune of Savigny-sur-Seille, Saône-et-Loire department, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region, France)
- London (a village in Kiritimati atoll, Kiribati)
- London (an urban neighborhood of the city of Belgrade, Serbia)
- Several places in the United States:
- London (a small city in Pope County, Arkansas, United States), with a population of approximately 900.
- London (a census-designated place in Tulare County, California, United States)
- London (an unincorporated community in Moral Township, Shelby County, Indiana, United States)
- London (a city, the county seat of Laurel County, Kentucky, United States), with a population of approximately 8,000.
- London (an unincorporated community in Freeborn County, Minnesota, United States)
- London (a city, the county seat of Madison County, Ohio, United States), with a population of approximately 9,000.
- London (a small city in California, United States), with a population of approximately 1,800.
- London (an unincorporated community in Kimble County, Texas, United States), with a population of approximately 180.
- London (an unincorporated community in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States)
- London (an unincorporated community in Dane County and Jefferson County, Wisconsin, United States)
Derived terms
- londonbasar
- londoner
- londonkraft
- londonsk
- Stor-London
References
- “London” in Store norske leksikon
- “London (Canada)” in Store norske leksikon
Norwegian Nynorsk
Proper noun
London
- London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)
Derived terms
- londonar
- Stor-London
Portuguese
Proper noun
London ?
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lǒndoːn/
- Hyphenation: Lon‧don
Proper noun
Lòndōn m inan (Cyrillic spelling Ло̀ндо̄н)
- London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)
Declension
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | Lòndōn |
| genitive | Londóna |
| dative | Londónu |
| accusative | Lòndōn |
| vocative | Lȍndōne |
| locative | Londónu |
| instrumental | Londónom |
Slovene
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lɔ̀ːndɔn/
Proper noun
Lóndon m inan
- London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)
Declension
| Masculine inan., hard o-stem | ||
|---|---|---|
| nominative | Lóndon | |
| genitive | Lóndona | |
| singular | ||
| nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
Lóndon | |
| genitive (rodȋlnik) |
Lóndona | |
| dative (dajȃlnik) |
Lóndonu | |
| accusative (tožȋlnik) |
Lóndon | |
| locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
Lóndonu | |
| instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
Lóndonom | |
Derived terms
- Lóndončan / Lóndončanka
- lóndonski
References
- “London”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
- “London”, in Termania, Amebis
- See also the general references
Swedish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlɔndɔn/
Proper noun
London n (genitive Londons)
- London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)
Derived terms
- londonsk
- Storlondon
Tatar
Proper noun
London
- London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)
Declension
| nominative | London |
|---|---|
| genitive | Londonnıñ |
| dative | Londonga |
| accusative | Londonnı |
| locative | Londonda |
| ablative | Londondan |
Uzbek
Proper noun
London
- London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)