-eʼ

From Proto-Athabaskan *-eɁ

-eʼ

1. Marks the possessed form of nouns.

   ‎taeł (“excrement”) + ‎-eʼ → ‎cʼetaeleʼ (“someone's mat”)

   ‎tsaanʼ (“excrement”) + ‎-eʼ → ‎cʼetsaaneʼ (“someone's excrement”)

   ‎xez (“puss”) + ‎-eʼ → ‎cʼeghezeʼ (“someone's pus”)

• Appears as -ʼ after a vowel
• Some nouns appear only in their possessed form, and therefore always have this suffix
• Often triggers voicing of preceding voiceless consonants.

• Kari, James (1990), Ahtna Athabaskan Dictionary, Fairbanks, Alaska: Alaska Native Language Center, →ISBN, page 66

From Proto-Athabaskan *-eɁ

-eʼ

1. Marks the possessed form of nouns.

   ‎chék (“spit”) + ‎-eʼ → ‎shchéegeʼ (“my spit”)

   ‎kíyah (“country”) + ‎-eʼ → ‎shkíyaɣʼ (“my country”)

• Appears as -ʼ after a vowel
• Some nouns appear only in their possessed form, and therefore always have this suffix
• Often triggers voicing of preceding voiceless consonants.

• Begay, Kayla Rae (2017), Wailaki Grammar, University of California, Berkeley, page 217

-eʼ

1. Topic marker.

   Leti'o'obeʼ chéen k éet meyajo'ob.

   As for them, they're just our coworkers.