-ZHĮ́

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *šeˑn(ə) (“summer”).

In Navajo, the initial fricative *š of Proto-Athabaskan did not sonorize to zh, so in verbal stems and in the nominal stem shį́ (“summer”) the initial voiceless fricative sh is maintained (with the exception of the adverbial derivative díízhíní (“this summer”), which shows a later sonorization). However, for consistency, the stem set of this root is presented with an analogical voiced initial zh. See also -HAI (“winter”) for a similar situation.

Root

-ZHĮ́

Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
∅ motion

it becomes summer

↳ beeshį́į́h
↳ chʼínáshį́į́h (ná-, “back”)
  • iʼniishį́į́h (iʼnii-, “begin”)

Stem set

Aspect Imperfective Perfective Future Iterative Optative
Momentaneous -shį́į́h -shį́ -shį́į́ł -shį́į́h -shį́į́h

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Antonyms

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -ZHĮ́ (summer)
Ahééháshį́į́h Hahoodzo
Ahééhéshį́į́h
Ahééhíshį́į́h
beeshį́į́h
chʼéshį́į́h
chʼínáshį́į́h
shį́
yishį́į́h
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.