-ем

• IPA^(key): [ ˈɛm]

See -ом (-om). Compare Bulgarian and Russian -ем (-em).

-ем • (-em)

1. Adverbial, added to root-stem verbs or nouns

   ‎під- (pid-) + ‎біг (bih, “run”) + ‎-ці (-ci) + ‎-ем (-em) → ‎підбігцем (pidbihcem, “at a run as Speedy Gonzales”, colloquial) (Synonym: бігом / бігцем (bihom))

   ‎на- (na-) + ‎зір (zir, “sight”) + ‎-ці (-ci) + ‎-ем (-em) → ‎на́зирцем (názyrcem, “not lagging behind, stealthily”) (Synonym: на́зирці (názyrci))

2. alternative form of -ом (-om, sense 3): used after soft consonants, the hushing consonants ш ж ч щ, as well as ц х; derivatives constructed with this suffix are interpreted as adverbs rather than an instrumental case of the base-noun

   ‎поле (pole, “field”) + ‎-ем (-em) → ‎полем (polem, “by the field”)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

-ем • (-em) m (hard-stem variant -ом, j-stem variant -єм, feminine equivalent -ею)

1. _non-ar/-j instrumental singular of -ь (-ʹ) and -∅ (zero suffix, indicates the semi-soft/soft-stem nouns' nominative singular of masculine second-declension)
2. _-ar-stem instrumental singular of -∅ (zero suffix, indicates the -ar- stem nouns' nominative singular of masculine second-declension)

-ем • (-em) n (hard-stem variant -ом)

1. instrumental singular of _-е (_-e, endings of semi-soft/soft-stem nouns' nominative singular of neuter second-declension)

• “ем”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection]‎^[1]