-ʼAAL

See also: Appendix:Variations of "aal"

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *ʔa̓tɬʼ (“to chew, to bite”).

Cognate root found in Ahtna ʼaatlʼ (“bite”), Lower Tanana 'otl, Gwich'in iiʼàal (“I ate it”), Chipewyan ɣɛsʼaíł (“Iʼm chewing it”)

Found in Navajo in bases related to the eating of hard or crispy food like peanuts, candy, celery, and bacon.

Root

-ʼAAL

  1. to eat hard object
Theme Category Bases + Unspec object
∅ operative

S eats O

  • yiʼniiʼaał (MOM)
  • niyíʼaał
  • néineestʼaal (+d rev.)
  • néidínítʼaał (+d rev.)
  • yiʼaał (DUR)
↳ áde yitʼaał (+d refl.)

S eats

  • iʼniiʼaał (MOM)
  • —
  • náʼneestʼaal
  • —
  • aʼaał (DUR)
↳ áde atʼaał

Stem set

Aspect Imperfective Perfective Future Iterative Optative
Momentaneous -ʼaał -ʼaal -ʼał -ʼał -ʼaał
Durative -ʼaał -ʼaal -ʼał -ʼał -ʼaał

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Synonyms

to eat:

to chew, to bite:

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -ʼAAL (eat hard)
aʼaał
yiʼaał

References

  • Young, Robert; Morgan, William; Midgette, Sally (1992), Analytical lexicon of Navajo, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, →ISBN, page 27
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