-ä

See also: ä, -à, -á, -â, -ã, -ă, -ǎ, and Appendix:Variations of "a"

Finnish

Suffix

-ä

Front vowel variant of -a

Gagauz

Alternative forms

-a (during vowel harmony with back vowels)
-ya, -yä (after vowels)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish ـَه (ä/a), from Proto-Turkic *-ka. Compare Turkish -e, Azerbaijani -ə.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /æ/

Suffix

-ä

Marks the dative case
1. to, at
  ‎ev (“house”) + ‎-ä → ‎evä (“to the house”)
2. for
  Synonym: için
  
  sadä sana
  just for you

Ingrian

Pronunciation 1

(Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /-æ/, [-æ]
(Soikkola) IPA^(key): /-æ/, [-æ]

Suffix

-ä

Front vowel variant of -a

Pronunciation 2

(Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /-æ/, [-æ]
(Soikkola) IPA^(key): /-æ/, [-æ]

Suffix

-ä

Front vowel variant of -a

Slovak

Alternative forms

-a

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ę.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /æ/, (high register) [ɛɐ̯], (common) [e]

Suffix

-ä n

forms nouns for young animals and other diminutives

Usage notes

This suffix is used only after labio-dental and bilabial consonants; in other cases -a is used instead.

Declension

Declension of -ä
(pattern *dievča*)
	singular	plural 1	plural 2
nominative	-ä	-ätá	-ence
genitive	-äťa	-ät, -iat	-eniec
dative	-äťu	-ätám	-encom
accusative	-ä	-ätá	-ence
locative	-äti	-ätách	-encoch
instrumental	-äťom	-ätami	-encami

Volapük

Suffix

-ä

Used to form conjunctions from prepositions.