'o꞉g

See also: og

O'odham

Alternative forms

  • 'o꞉gĭ
  • o꞉g (common omission of initial pre-vocalic glottal stop in writing)
  • ohg (Saxton)

Etymology

From Proto-Tepiman *ʼooga (“father”),[1] from Proto-Uto-Aztecan *owa (“father”),[2] with regular sound change of Uto-Aztecan *-w- > Tepiman *-g- intervocalically.

While Miller (1967) noted possible connections to Classical Nahuatl oquichtli (“male”),[3] these represent separate etymological roots; the latter derived from Proto-Uto-Aztecan *okaci (“old woman”); the root of Proto-Tepiman *’okisi (with *a-i > *i-i assimilation due to an intervocalic alveopalatal) which evolved to O'odham 'oks (“old woman”). This term underwent a notable gender shift, a phenomenon in some languages in which terms for women can become gender-neutral or shift to refer to men.[4]

Noun

'o꞉g (plural 'o'og)

  1. father
  2. (by extension) older paternal uncle (father's older brother)

Verb

'o꞉g (plural 'o'og) (stative)

  1. to be a father
    Heg 'o ḍ 'o:gaj.
    He is his/her father.
    Heg 'o ḍ ha'o:g.
    He is their father.
  2. to be an older paternal uncle

Derived terms

  • 'o꞉gam (“father”)
  • 'o꞉gbaḍ (“deceased father/older paternal uncle”)
  • ba'amaḑ-'o꞉g (“son in-law, father-in-law”)
  • moi-'o꞉g (“son-in-law, mother-in-law”)
  • mo꞉ms ha'o꞉g (“son-in-law, mother-in-law”)

See also

  • 'oks

References

  1. ^ Burton William Bascom, Jr. (1965), “302. *ˈˀooga 'father,'”, in Proto-Tepiman (Tepehuan-Piman) (Thesis), Seattle, Washington: University of Washington, 66-5811, page 155
  2. ^ Stubbs, Brian D. (2020) [2011], “849. *owa ‘father’”, in Uto-Aztecan: A comparative vocabulary‎[1], revised online edition, Flower Mound, Texas: Shumway Family History Services, page 170
  3. ^ Miller, Wick R. (1967), “485. *’ok”, in Uto-Aztecan Cognate Sets (University of California Publications in Linguistics; 48), Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, page ?
  4. ^ Stubbs, Brian D. (2020) [2011], “2571. *okaci ‘(old) woman’”, in Uto-Aztecan: A comparative vocabulary‎[2], revised online edition, Flower Mound, Texas: Shumway Family History Services, page 392
  • Mathiot, Madeleine (2013), Tohono 'O'odham–English Dictionary‎[3], volume II, archived from the original on 22 November 2019, page 527
  • Saxton, Dean; Saxton, Lucille; Enos, Susie (1983), Dictionary: Tohono Oʼodham/Pima to English, English to Tohono Oʼodham/Pima, 2nd edition, Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, published 1998, →ISBN, page 47
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