𒅖𒄩𒄴𒊒

Hittite

𒅖𒄩𒄴𒊒
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Alternative forms

  • 𒂊𒌍𒄩𒄴𒊒 (e-eš-ḫa-aḫ-ru)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)h₂éḱru (“tear”), but there are several unresolved phonetic problems; in particular, the initial /(ɨ)s/ and the second ḫ in the root coda are unexpected. Kloekhorst assumes prothetic *s- and assimilation to the first ḫ respectively, but is not fully convinced and notes that the latter is highly irregular.[1] Kortlandt assumes a compound *skʷ-h₂ḱru with simplification, with the first element from *sekʷ- (“to see”) like in Hittite 𒊭𒀀𒆪𒉿 (ša-a-ku-wa, “eyes”), paralleling the compound *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru- (“tear”, literally “eye-sharp/bitter”) (from *derḱ- (“to see; eye?”)) found in other branches.[2] In any case, cognates include Ancient Greek δάκρυ (dákru), Sanskrit अश्रु (áśru), Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌲𐍂 (tagr) and Old English tēar (English tear).

Noun

𒅖𒄩𒄴𒊒 • (išḫaḫru) n[1]

  1. tears

Inflection

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “išḫaḫru-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 391
  2. ^ Kortlandt, Frederik (1985), “Arm. artawsr ‘tear’”, in Annual of Armenian Linguistics, volume 6, Cleveland: Cleveland State University, section 8, page 60 of 59–61
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