𑀭𑀸𑀅

Prakrit

Alternative forms

𑀭𑀸𑀬 (rāya) — Ardhamāgadhī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, hiatus-filler^[1]
𑀮𑀸𑀅 (lāa) — Māgadhī

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-

Proto-Indo-European *-s

Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs

Sanskrit राज॑न् (rā́jan)

Prakrit 𑀭𑀸𑀅

Inherited from Sanskrit राज॑न् (rā́jan),^[2] from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs, from *h₃reǵ-, or from *-s.

Noun

𑀭𑀸𑀅 (rāa) m (Devanagari राअ, Kannada ರಾಅ) (attested in Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī) ^[3]

a king

Descendants

Inherited

Eastern Indo-Aryan:
- Bengali-Assamese:
  - Assamese: ৰায় (ray)
  - Bengali: রায় (raẏ)
  - Kamta: ৰায় (ray)
- Bihari:
  - Bhojpuri: राय / 𑂩𑂰𑂨 (rāy)
  - Maithili: राय / 𑒩𑒰𑒨 (rāy)
- Odia: ରାଏ (rāe)
Central Indo-Aryan:
- Eastern Hindi:
  - Old Awadhi: राय (rāya)
- Western Hindi:
  - Hindustani:
    - Hindi: राय (rāy)
    - Urdu: رای (rāī)
Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
- Punjabi: ਰਾਇ (rāi)
- Sindhi: راءِ (rāi)
Southern Indo-Aryan:
- Old Marathi: राए / 𑘨𑘰𑘊 (rāe)
  - Marathi: राव (rāv)
Western Indo-Aryan:
- Old Gujarati: रा (rā), राय (rāya)
  - Gujarati: રાય (rāya), રાવ (rāv)
- Old Marwari: राय (rāy)
- Romani: raj
→ Kannada: ರಾಯ (rāya)

Borrowed

→ Kannada: ರಾಯ (rāya)

References

^ Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928), “राय”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author], page 710.
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “rā́jan”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 618
^ Pischel, Richard; Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957), Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 283