𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡

Prakrit

Alternative forms

  • 𑀚𑀼𑀆𑀡 (juāṇa)

Etymology

From older *𑀬𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀦 (*yuvāna)—e.g. Pali 𑀬𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀦 (yuvāna)—, either from a back-formation of Sanskrit युवानक (yuvānaka) or from an inflected case of Sanskrit युवन् (yúvan) like युवानम् (yúvānam, acc sg) or युवानः (yúvānaḥ, nom pl). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HyúHā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yúh₁ō. Cognate with Latin iuvenis.

Noun

𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡 (juvāṇam (Devanagari जुवाण, Kannada ಜುವಾಣ, feminine 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀻) (attested in Jain Māhārāṣṭrī)

  1. a young person
    • c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 246:
      𑀫𑀸𑀫𑀺 𑀳𑀺𑀅𑀅𑀁-𑀯 𑀧𑀻𑀅𑀁 𑀢𑁂𑀡 𑀚𑀼𑀆𑀡𑁂𑀡 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀏
      𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀳𑀮𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀓𑀟𑀼𑀅𑀁 𑀅𑀡𑀼𑀲𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢 𑀚𑀮𑀁 𑀧𑀺𑀅𑀁𑀢𑁂𑀡
      māmi hiaaṃ-va pīaṃ teṇa juāṇeṇa majjamāṇāe
      ṇhāṇahaliddākaḍuaṃ aṇusŏtta jalaṃ piaṃteṇa
      • 2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
        Mother, that young man who downriver drank the water
        That was bitter with my turmeric soap, has as good as drunk my heart.

Declension

Maharastri declension of 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡 (masculine)
singular plural
Nominative 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑁄 (juvāṇo) 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀸 (juvāṇā)
Accusative 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀁 (juvāṇaṃ) 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑁂 (juvāṇe) or 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀸 (juvāṇā)
Instrumental 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡 (juvāṇeṇa) or 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (juvāṇeṇaṃ) 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (juvāṇehi) or 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (juvāṇehiṃ)
Dative 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀅 (juvāṇāa)
Ablative 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀑 (juvāṇāo) or 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀉 (juvāṇāu) or 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀸 (juvāṇā) or 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (juvāṇāhi) or 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (juvāṇāhiṃto)
Genitive 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (juvāṇassa) 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡 (juvāṇāṇa) or 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (juvāṇāṇaṃ)
Locative 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (juvāṇammi) or 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑁂 (juvāṇe) 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (juvāṇesu) or 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (juvāṇesuṃ)
Vocative 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡 (juvāṇa) or 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀸 (juvāṇā) 𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀸 (juvāṇā)
  • 𑀚𑀼𑀯 (juva)

Descendants

  • Bengali: জোয়ান (jōẇan)
  • Gujarati: જુવાન (juvān)
  • Hindustani: juvān
    Hindi: जुवान
    Urdu: جُوان (juān)
  • Odia: ଜୁଆଣ (juāṇa​)
  • Sinhalese: යොන (yona, woman, young woman)

Further reading

  • Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928), “जुवाण”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “juvāṇa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 608