마립간
Korean
Etymology
Modern Korean reading of Hanja 麻立干. Beyond Middle Korean, attested in the Taiping Yulan (太平御覽 / 태평어람) from 977 to 983, as 樓寒.
7th century Silla folk etymology cited in the Samguk Sagi links it with Middle Korean 맗 (malh, “wooden pile, stake”) + Middle Korean 간(干) (kan, “chief”), the stake symbolizing the fixation of a rank in the hierarchy. Compare Korean 말뚝 (malttuk).
Might be cognate with Middle Korean 마리〮 (màlí, “head”) + Middle Korean 간(干) (kan), compare Korean 거서간(居西干) (geoseogan).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ma̠ɾip̚k͈a̠n]
- Phonetic hangul: [마립깐]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | maripgan |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | malibgan |
| McCune–Reischauer? | maripkan |
| Yale Romanization? | malipkan |
Noun
마립간 • (maripgan) (hanja 麻立干)
- (historical) a royal title of the ancient emperors of Silla, used as the emperors' chief title meaning “king of kings”, from the fourth or fifth to the sixth centuries and attested in various spellings into the tenth century
- Synonym: 황제 (hwangje)