飢し
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 飢 |
| やわ Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Etymology
Cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *yawasi- (“hungry”) (whence Yoron よーしゃん (yōshan), Miyako やーすぃ゚ (yāsï). Further etymology unknown; the Nihon Kokugo Daijiten only cites kanbun texts from the Heian period annotating such word, including one with the attributive form yawaki.[1]
Jidai-betsu Kokugo Daijiten[2] refers to this adjective as a -shiku adjective with the reading yafasi (やはし), but all other sources refer to it as a -ku adjective with no historical reading.[1][3][4]
Noun
飢し • (yawashi) †-ku
- [from 720?] (obsolete) hungry
Conjugation
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 飢く[1] 飢から[2] |
やわく やわから |
yawaku yawakara |
| Continuative (連用形) | 飢く[1] 飢かり[2] |
やわく やわかり |
yawaku yawakari |
| Terminal (終止形) | 飢し | やわし | yawasi |
| Attributive (連体形) | 飢き 飢かる |
やわき やわかる |
yawaki yawakaru |
| Realis (已然形) | 飢けれ | やわけれ | yawakere |
| Imperative (命令形) | 飢かれ | やわかれ | yawakare |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 飢からず | やわからず | yawakarazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 飢けれど | やわけれど | yawakeredo |
| Causal conjunction | 飢ければ | やわければ | yawakereba |
| Conditional conjunction | 飢くば | やわくば | yawakuba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 飢かりき | やわかりき | yawakariki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 飢かりけり | やわかりけり | yawakarikeri |
| Adverbial | 飢く | やわく | yawaku |
[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nihon Kokugo Daijiten Dai-ni-han Henshū I'inkai (日本国語大辞典第二版編集委員会) (2001-2002), 日本国語大辞典 第二版 [Unabridged Japanese Dictionary: Second Edition], Tokyo (東京都): Shōgakukan (小学館), →ISBN
- ^ Omodaka, Hisataka (1967), 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, page 795
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN