頓挫

Chinese

		a time; jerk; stop a time; jerk; stop; meal; bout; spell; (measure for beating)	be obstructed; fail; oppress be obstructed; fail; oppress; repress; lower the tone; bend back; dampen
trad. (頓挫)		頓	挫
simp. (顿挫)		顿	挫

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dùncuò

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄣˋ ㄘㄨㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): deon⁶ co³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dùncuò
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄣˋ ㄘㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dùncuò
  - Wade–Giles: tun⁴-tsʻo⁴
  - Yale: dwùn-tswò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duenntsuoh
  - Palladius: дуньцо (dunʹco)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: deon⁶ co³
  - Yale: deuhn cho
  - Cantonese Pinyin: doen⁶ tso³
  - Guangdong Romanization: dên⁶ co³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɵn²² t͡sʰɔː³³/

Verb

頓挫

(of intonation, rhythm, musical notes, brush stroke in painting, etc.) to pause and turn
(chess) to perform a zwischenzug

Derived terms

抑揚頓挫 / 抑扬顿挫 (yìyángdùncuò)
沉鬱頓挫 / 沉郁顿挫
鏗鏘頓挫 / 铿锵顿挫
頓挫抑揚 / 顿挫抑扬
頓挫療法 / 顿挫疗法

Japanese

Kanji in this term
頓	挫
とん Grade: S	ざ Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) とんざ [tóꜜǹzà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
(Tokyo) とんざ [tòńzá] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [tõ̞nd͡za̠]

Noun

頓(とん)挫(ざ) • (tonza) ^{←とんざ (tonza)^?}

sudden reduction in vigor
sudden plan failure

Verb

頓(とん)挫(ざ)する • (tonza suru) ^{←とんざ (tonza)^?}suru (stem 頓(とん)挫(ざ)し (tonza shi), past 頓(とん)挫(ざ)した (tonza shita))

to suddenly reduce in vigor
(of a plan) to suddenly fail
計画(けいかく)が頓挫(とんざ)する
keikaku ga tonza suru
the plan falls through

Conjugation

Conjugation of "頓挫する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	頓挫し	とんざし	tonza shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	頓挫し	とんざし	tonza shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	頓挫する	とんざする	tonza suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	頓挫する	とんざする	tonza suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	頓挫すれ	とんざすれ	tonza sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	頓挫せよ¹ 頓挫しろ²	とんざせよ¹ とんざしろ²	tonza seyo¹ tonza shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	頓挫される	とんざされる	tonza sareru
Causative	頓挫させる頓挫さす	とんざさせるとんざさす	tonza saseru tonza sasu
Potential	頓挫できる	とんざできる	tonza dekiru
Volitional	頓挫しよう	とんざしよう	tonza shiyō
Negative	頓挫しない	とんざしない	tonza shinai
Negative continuative	頓挫せず	とんざせず	tonza sezu
Formal	頓挫します	とんざします	tonza shimasu
Perfective	頓挫した	とんざした	tonza shita
Conjunctive	頓挫して	とんざして	tonza shite
Hypothetical conditional	頓挫すれば	とんざすれば	tonza sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“頓挫”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026