闡明

See also: 阐明

Chinese

		to express; disclose; enlighten to express; disclose; enlighten; open	clear; bright; to understand clear; bright; to understand; next; the Ming dynasty
trad. (闡明)		闡	明
simp. (阐明)		阐	明

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chǎnmíng

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄢˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zin² ming⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhán-bêng / chhián-bêng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chǎnmíng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄢˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chǎnmíng
  - Wade–Giles: chʻan³-ming²
  - Yale: chǎn-míng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chaanming
  - Palladius: чаньмин (čanʹmin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ miŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zin² ming⁴
  - Yale: jín mìhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzin² ming⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: jin² ming⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːn³⁵ mɪŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhán-bêng
  - Tâi-lô: tshán-bîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhafnbeeng
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ biɪŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhián-bêng
  - Tâi-lô: tshián-bîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chiefnbeeng
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ biɪŋ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ biɪŋ¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ biɪŋ²³/

Verb

闡明

to clarify; to expound; to explain
他們問她來訪的目的，她向他們闡明了來意。 [MSC, trad.]
他们问她来访的目的，她向他们阐明了来意。 [MSC, simp.]
Tāmen wèn tā láifǎng de mùdi, tā xiàng tāmen chǎnmíng le láiyì. [Pinyin]
They asked her why she visited, and she explained why she came.

Synonyms

交代 (jiāodài)
介紹 / 介绍 (jièshào) (a situation)
分解 (fēnjiě)
拆白 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
拆破 (Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
解說 / 解说 (jiěshuō)
解釋 / 解释 (jiěshì)
訓 / 训 (xùn) (literary, or in compounds, meanings of words)
說 / 说
說明 / 说明 (shuōmíng)
說解 / 说解 (shuōjiě) (literary)
講明 / 讲明 (jiǎngmíng)
講解 / 讲解 (jiǎngjiě)
開拆 / 开拆 (Hokkien)
開釋 / 开释 (kāishì) (literary)
闡發 / 阐发 (chǎnfā)
闡說 / 阐说 (chǎnshuō)
闡論 / 阐论 (chǎnlùn) (literary)
闡釋 / 阐释 (chǎnshì)
陳 / 陈 (chén) (literary, or in compounds)

References

周长楫 [Zhōu, Chángjí], editor (2006), “阐明”, in 闽南方言大词典 MINNAN FANGYAN DA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Southern Min dialects] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Fuzhou: 福建人民出版社 [Fujian People's Publishing House], →ISBN, page 759.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
闡	明
せん Hyōgai	めい Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) せんめー [sèńméé] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [sẽ̞mːe̞ː]

Homophone: 鮮明

Noun

闡(せん)明(めい) • (senmei)

explanation

Verb

闡(せん)明(めい)する • (senmei suru) suru (stem 闡(せん)明(めい)し (senmei shi), past 闡(せん)明(めい)した (senmei shita))

explain

Conjugation

Conjugation of "闡明する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	闡明し	せんめいし	senmei shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	闡明し	せんめいし	senmei shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	闡明する	せんめいする	senmei suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	闡明する	せんめいする	senmei suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	闡明すれ	せんめいすれ	senmei sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	闡明せよ¹ 闡明しろ²	せんめいせよ¹ せんめいしろ²	senmei seyo¹ senmei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	闡明される	せんめいされる	senmei sareru
Causative	闡明させる闡明さす	せんめいさせるせんめいさす	senmei saseru senmei sasu
Potential	闡明できる	せんめいできる	senmei dekiru
Volitional	闡明しよう	せんめいしよう	senmei shiyō
Negative	闡明しない	せんめいしない	senmei shinai
Negative continuative	闡明せず	せんめいせず	senmei sezu
Formal	闡明します	せんめいします	senmei shimasu
Perfective	闡明した	せんめいした	senmei shita
Conjunctive	闡明して	せんめいして	senmei shite
Hypothetical conditional	闡明すれば	せんめいすれば	senmei sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“^▲闡明”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
闡	明

Noun

闡明 • (cheonmyeong) (hangeul 천명)

hanja form^? of 천명 (“explanation; clarification”)