重重

Chinese

		heavy; serious; to double heavy; serious; to double; to repeat; repetition; iteration; again; a layer	heavy; serious; to double heavy; serious; to double; to repeat; repetition; iteration; again; a layer
simp. and trad. (重重)		重	重

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chóngchóng

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄥˊ ㄔㄨㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cung⁴ cung⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhûng-chhûng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): têng-têng

(Teochew, Peng'im): dêng⁵ dêng⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chóngchóng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥˊ ㄔㄨㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chóngchóng
  - Wade–Giles: chʻung²-chʻung²
  - Yale: chúng-chúng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chorngchorng
  - Palladius: чунчун (čunčun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cung⁴ cung⁴
  - Yale: chùhng chùhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsung⁴ tsung⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: cung⁴ cung⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûng-chhûng
  - Hakka Romanization System: cung^ˊ cung^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cung¹ cung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰuŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: têng-têng
  - Tâi-lô: tîng-tîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dengdeeng
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /tiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪŋ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪŋ²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dêng⁵ dêng⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: têng têng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /teŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ teŋ⁵⁵/

Adjective

重重

layer upon layer; level by level; multi-layered; encircled; surrounded (as in a besieged city or fortress)
困難重重／困难重重 ― kùnnan chóngchóng ― to have many difficulties

Synonyms

層層／层层 (céngcéng)

Adverb

重重

again and again; repeatedly; time and time again

Synonyms

一再 (yīzài)
來回 / 来回 (láihuí)
再三 (zàisān)
反覆 / 反复 (fǎnfù)
多次 (duōcì)
屢屢 / 屡屡 (lǚlǚ)
屢次 / 屡次 (lǚcì)
往復 / 往复 (wǎngfù)
比比 (bǐbǐ)
頻頻 / 频频 (pínpín)

References

小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “重重”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎^[1] (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC

Japanese

Kanji in this term
重	重
じゅう Grade: 3	じゅう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
重々

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じゅうじゅう [jùújúú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
(Tokyo) じゅうじゅう [jùújúꜜù] (Nakadaka – [3])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑɨːʑɨː]

Adverb

重(じゅう)重(じゅう) • (jūjū) ^{←ぢゆうぢゆう (dyuudyuu)^?}

very well, to a great extent
重々(じゅうじゅう)分(わ)かっている。 ― Jūjū wakatteiru. ― I am very well aware.

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (2016), NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
重	重

Adjective

重重

chữ Hán form of trùng trùng (“innumerable; numberless”)