進歩

See also: 進步 and 进步

Japanese

Kanji in this term
進	歩
しん Grade: 3	ほ > ぽ Grade: 2
on'yomi	kan'on

Alternative spelling
進步 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しんぽ [shíꜜǹpò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕĩmpo̞]

Noun

進(しん)歩(ぽ) • (shinpo)

progress; improvements in social welfare.
コンピューターは急速(きゅうそく)な進歩(しんぽ)を遂(と)げた。
Konpyūtā wa kyūsoku na shinpo o togeta.
Computers have made rapid progress.
personal progress, usually in the development of a skill.
その生徒(せいと)の進歩(しんぽ)は申(もう)し分(ぶ)ない。
Sono seito no shinpo wa mōshibunai.
The student’s progress is satisfactory.

Verb

進(しん)歩(ぽ)する • (shinpo suru) suru (stem 進(しん)歩(ぽ)し (shinpo shi), past 進(しん)歩(ぽ)した (shinpo shita))

To improve (in reference to a society's technological capability or general quality of life).
医学(いがく)はめざましく進歩(しんぽ)している。
Igaku wa mezamashiku shinpo shite iru.
Progress in medicine is going ahead by leaps and bounds.
To advance in proficiency; to make progress in the development of a skill.
トムの日本語(にほんご)は少(すこ)しずつ進歩(しんぽ)している。
Tomu no nihongo wa sukoshi-zutsu shinpo shite iru.
Tom’s Japanese is improving little by little.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "進歩する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	進歩し	しんぽし	shinpo shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	進歩し	しんぽし	shinpo shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	進歩する	しんぽする	shinpo suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	進歩する	しんぽする	shinpo suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	進歩すれ	しんぽすれ	shinpo sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	進歩せよ¹ 進歩しろ²	しんぽせよ¹ しんぽしろ²	shinpo seyo¹ shinpo shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	進歩される	しんぽされる	shinpo sareru
Causative	進歩させる進歩さす	しんぽさせるしんぽさす	shinpo saseru shinpo sasu
Potential	進歩できる	しんぽできる	shinpo dekiru
Volitional	進歩しよう	しんぽしよう	shinpo shiyō
Negative	進歩しない	しんぽしない	shinpo shinai
Negative continuative	進歩せず	しんぽせず	shinpo sezu
Formal	進歩します	しんぽします	shinpo shimasu
Perfective	進歩した	しんぽした	shinpo shita
Conjunctive	進歩して	しんぽして	shinpo shite
Hypothetical conditional	進歩すれば	しんぽすれば	shinpo sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Usage notes

進歩(しんぽ) (shinpo) is quite common as a verb (進歩(しんぽ)する (shinpo suru)), and it is most easily understood in relation to the English word progress. It is frequently used in reference to social progress, particularly of a technological nature, and to personal progress in a skill. It is not generally used to refer to progress in other sorts of endeavors, such as a trip up a mountain (e.g., "Due to the blizzard, their progress was slow."), or of time in general (e.g., "As the evening progressed, the party became more chaotic.").

References

^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

“進歩”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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