近似
Chinese
| near; close (to); approximately | to seem; to appear; similar to seem; to appear; similar; like; to resemble | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (近似) | 近 | 似 | |
| simp. #(近似) | 近 | 似 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jìnsì
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄙˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jìnsìh
- Wade–Giles: chin4-ssŭ4
- Yale: jìn-sz̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinnsyh
- Palladius: цзиньсы (czinʹsy)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gan6 ci5
- Yale: gahn chíh
- Cantonese Pinyin: gan6 tsi5
- Guangdong Romanization: gen6 qi5
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐn²² t͡sʰiː¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kǔn-sǐr
- Tâi-lô: kǔn-sǐr
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kun²² sɯ²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kūn-sū
- Tâi-lô: kūn-sū
- Phofsit Daibuun: kuxnsu
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kun²²⁻²¹ su²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kīn-sū
- Tâi-lô: kīn-sū
- Phofsit Daibuun: kixnsu
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kin²²⁻²¹ su²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
Verb
近似
- to be similar to; to be about the same as; to approximate
Synonyms
- 好像 (hǎoxiàng)
- 嫌 (xián) (literary, or in compounds)
- 接近 (jiējìn)
- 相仿 (xiāngfǎng)
- 相似 (xiāngsì)
- 相像 (xiāngxiàng)
- 相若 (xiāngruò)
- 相近 (xiāngjìn)
- 相類 / 相类 (xiānglèi)
- 逼肖 (bīxiào) (literary, to bear a close resemblance to)
- 隨 / 随 (suí) (Northern Mandarin, of a parent in appearance or disposition)
- 雷同 (léitóng)
- 類似 / 类似 (lèisì)
- 類同 / 类同 (lèitóng)
Derived terms
- 近似值 (jìnsìzhí)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 近 | 似 |
| きん Grade: 2 |
じ Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) きんじ [kìńjí] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) きんじ [kíꜜǹjì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
- IPA(key): [kʲĩɲ̟d͡ʑi]
Noun
近似 • (kinji)
Verb
近似する • (kinji suru) intransitive suru (stem 近似し (kinji shi), past 近似した (kinji shita))
- to resemble closely
- 1915, 和辻哲郎, 「ゼエレン・キェルケゴオル」序:
- 私は自分の問題と彼の問題とがきわめて近似していることを感じた。
- Watashi wa jibun no mondai to kare no mondai to ga kiwamete kinji shite iru koto o kanjita.
- I felt that my problem resembled his problem extremely closely.
- 私は自分の問題と彼の問題とがきわめて近似していることを感じた。
- 1915, 和辻哲郎, 「ゼエレン・キェルケゴオル」序:
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 近似し | きんじし | kinji shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 近似し | きんじし | kinji shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 近似する | きんじする | kinji suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 近似する | きんじする | kinji suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 近似すれ | きんじすれ | kinji sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 近似せよ¹ 近似しろ² |
きんじせよ¹ きんじしろ² |
kinji seyo¹ kinji shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 近似される | きんじされる | kinji sareru |
| Causative | 近似させる 近似さす |
きんじさせる きんじさす |
kinji saseru kinji sasu |
| Potential | 近似できる | きんじできる | kinji dekiru |
| Volitional | 近似しよう | きんじしよう | kinji shiyō |
| Negative | 近似しない | きんじしない | kinji shinai |
| Negative continuative | 近似せず | きんじせず | kinji sezu |
| Formal | 近似します | きんじします | kinji shimasu |
| Perfective | 近似した | きんじした | kinji shita |
| Conjunctive | 近似して | きんじして | kinji shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 近似すれば | きんじすれば | kinji sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2019), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 近 | 似 |
Noun
近似 • (geunsa) (hangeul 근사)
- hanja form? of 근사