車軸

Chinese

		vehicle on land; car; machine vehicle on land; car; machine; to shape with a lathe	axis; axle
trad. (車軸)		車	軸
simp. (车轴)		车	轴

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chēzhóu

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄜㄓㄡˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ce¹ zuk⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhia-tia̍k / chhia-te̍k / chhia-tio̍k

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chēzhóu
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄜㄓㄡˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chejhóu
  - Wade–Giles: chʻê¹-chou²
  - Yale: chē-jóu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chejour
  - Palladius: чэчжоу (čɛčžou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ce¹ zuk⁶
  - Yale: chē juhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tse¹ dzuk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cé¹ zug⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵ t͡sʊk̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhia-tia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tshia-tia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chia'diak
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰia³³ tiak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhia-te̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tshia-ti̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chia'dek
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰia⁴⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhia-tio̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tshia-tio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chia'diok
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰia⁴⁴⁻²² tiɔk̚¹²¹/

Noun

車軸

axletree; axle (Classifier: 根 m)

Synonyms

(Harbin Mandarin) 軸杠
(Hokkien) 車心／车心

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (車軸):

→ Japanese: 車軸(しゃじく) (shajiku)
→ Korean: 차축(車軸) (chachuk)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
車	軸
しゃ Grade: 1	じく Grade: S
on'yomi	goon

Etymology

Compound of 車(しゃ) (sha, “car; vehicle”) + 軸(じく) (jiku, “axis”).^[1]^[2]

First cited to a text from 1002.^[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しゃじく [shàjíkú] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɕa̠ʑikɯ̟]

Noun

車(しゃ)軸(じく) • (shajiku) ^{←しやぢく (syadiku)^?}

[from 1002] axle, axletree
Synonym: 軸 (yokogami)
[from circa 1602] a very heavy rain, cats and dogs (from the idea of raindrops as big around as a cart's axle)
short for 車軸草 (shajikusō, “clover”)

Verb

車(しゃ)軸(じく)する • (shajiku suru) ^{←しやぢく (syadiku)^?}suru (stem 車(しゃ)軸(じく)し (shajiku shi), past 車(しゃ)軸(じく)した (shajiku shita))

[from circa 1602] to rain very heavily, to rain cats and dogs (from the idea of raindrops as big around as a cart's axle)

Inflection

Conjugation of "車軸する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	車軸し	しゃじくし	shajiku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	車軸し	しゃじくし	shajiku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	車軸する	しゃじくする	shajiku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	車軸する	しゃじくする	shajiku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	車軸すれ	しゃじくすれ	shajiku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	車軸せよ¹ 車軸しろ²	しゃじくせよ¹ しゃじくしろ²	shajiku seyo¹ shajiku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	車軸される	しゃじくされる	shajiku sareru
Causative	車軸させる車軸さす	しゃじくさせるしゃじくさす	shajiku saseru shajiku sasu
Potential	車軸できる	しゃじくできる	shajiku dekiru
Volitional	車軸しよう	しゃじくしよう	shajiku shiyō
Negative	車軸しない	しゃじくしない	shajiku shinai
Negative continuative	車軸せず	しゃじくせず	shajiku sezu
Formal	車軸します	しゃじくします	shajiku shimasu
Perfective	車軸した	しゃじくした	shajiku shita
Conjunctive	車軸して	しゃじくして	shajiku shite
Hypothetical conditional	車軸すれば	しゃじくすれば	shajiku sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Derived terms

車(しゃ)軸(じく)を流(なが)す (shajiku o nagasu): to rain very heavily, to rain cats and dogs (literally “to wash away axles”)
車(しゃ)軸(じく)る (shajikuru): to rain very heavily, to rain cats and dogs (from the idea of raindrops as big around as a cart's axle)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“車軸”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
車	軸

Noun

車軸 • (chachuk) (hangeul 차축)

hanja form^? of 차축 (“axle, axletree”)