赦免
Chinese
| to pardon (a convict) | to exempt; to remove; to avoid to exempt; to remove; to avoid; to excuse | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (赦免) |
赦 | 免 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): se3 min5
- Hakka
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sia4 meng3
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sià-bián
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5so-mi
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shèmiǎn
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄜˋ ㄇㄧㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shèmiǎn
- Wade–Giles: shê4-mien3
- Yale: shè-myǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shehmean
- Palladius: шэмянь (šɛmjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂɤ⁵¹ mi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: se3 min5
- Yale: se míhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: se3 min5
- Guangdong Romanization: sé3 min5
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɛː³³ miːn¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sa-miên
- Hakka Romanization System: sa mienˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sa4 mian1
- Sinological IPA: /sa⁵⁵ mi̯en²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: shaˇ mienˋ
- Sinological IPA: /ʃa¹¹ mien⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sia4 meng3 [Phonetic: sia1 meng3]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sia̍-mêng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬia⁴²⁻⁵⁵ mɛŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sia4 meng3 [Phonetic: sia1 meng3]
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬia⁴²⁻⁵⁵ mɛŋ³³²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sià-bián
- Tâi-lô: sià-bián
- Phofsit Daibuun: siarbiern
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /sia²¹⁻⁵³ biɛn⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sia⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ biɛn⁵⁵⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /sia²¹⁻⁵³ biɛn⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /sia¹¹⁻⁵³ biɛn⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /sia²¹⁻⁴¹ biɛn⁴¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
Verb
赦免
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 赦 | 免 |
| しゃ Grade: S |
めん Grade: S |
| goon | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 赦免 (kyūjitai) |
Pronunciation
Noun
赦免 • (shamen)
- a pardon
Verb
赦免する • (shamen suru) suru (stem 赦免し (shamen shi), past 赦免した (shamen shita))
- to pardon
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 赦免し | しゃめんし | shamen shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 赦免し | しゃめんし | shamen shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 赦免する | しゃめんする | shamen suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 赦免する | しゃめんする | shamen suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 赦免すれ | しゃめんすれ | shamen sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 赦免せよ¹ 赦免しろ² |
しゃめんせよ¹ しゃめんしろ² |
shamen seyo¹ shamen shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 赦免される | しゃめんされる | shamen sareru |
| Causative | 赦免させる 赦免さす |
しゃめんさせる しゃめんさす |
shamen saseru shamen sasu |
| Potential | 赦免できる | しゃめんできる | shamen dekiru |
| Volitional | 赦免しよう | しゃめんしよう | shamen shiyō |
| Negative | 赦免しない | しゃめんしない | shamen shinai |
| Negative continuative | 赦免せず | しゃめんせず | shamen sezu |
| Formal | 赦免します | しゃめんします | shamen shimasu |
| Perfective | 赦免した | しゃめんした | shamen shita |
| Conjunctive | 赦免して | しゃめんして | shamen shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 赦免すれば | しゃめんすれば | shamen sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- “赦免”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026