講和

See also: 媾和 and 讲和

Chinese

		to talk; speech; to speak to talk; speech; to speak; to tell; to explain	mix together; peace; harmony mix together; peace; harmony; and; with; union; cap (a poem); respond in singing; soft; warm
trad. (講和)		講	和
simp. (讲和)		讲	和

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiǎnghé

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄤˇ ㄏㄜˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gong² wo⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kóng-fò
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kóng-hô / káng-hô

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎnghé
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄤˇ ㄏㄜˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎnghé
  - Wade–Giles: chiang³-ho²
  - Yale: jyǎng-hé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeangher
  - Palladius: цзянхэ (czjanxɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gong² wo⁴
  - Yale: góng wòh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gong² wo⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: gong² wo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔːŋ³⁵ wɔː²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kóng-fò
  - Hakka Romanization System: gong^ˋ fo^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gong³ fo²
  - Sinological IPA: /koŋ³¹ fo¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kóng-hô
  - Tâi-lô: kóng-hô
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kofnghooi
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɤ²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ho²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: káng-hô
  - Tâi-lô: káng-hô
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kafnghooi
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ho²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kaŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɤ²³/

Verb

講和

to make peace; to settle a dispute; to become reconciled

Related terms

求和 (qiúhé)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
講	和
こう Grade: 5	わ Grade: 3
kan'on	goon

Alternative spelling
媾和 (dated)

Etymology

/kauwa/ → /kɔːwa/ → /koːwa/

講 is a daiyōji replacing 媾.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こーわ [kòówá] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [ko̞ːβ̞a̠]

Noun

講(こう)和(わ) • (kōwa) ^{←かうわ (kauwa)^?}

agreeing to end conflict and restore peace; reconciliation

Derived terms

講(こう)和(わ)条(じょう)約(やく) (kōwa jōyaku)
全(ぜん)面(めん)講(こう)和(わ) (zenmen kōwa)
単(たん)独(どく)講(こう)和(わ) (tandoku kōwa)

Verb

講(こう)和(わ)する • (kōwa suru) ^{←かうわ (kauwa)^?}intransitive suru (stem 講(こう)和(わ)し (kōwa shi), past 講(こう)和(わ)した (kōwa shita))

to make peace

Conjugation

Conjugation of "講和する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	講和し	こうわし	kōwa shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	講和し	こうわし	kōwa shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	講和する	こうわする	kōwa suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	講和する	こうわする	kōwa suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	講和すれ	こうわすれ	kōwa sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	講和せよ¹ 講和しろ²	こうわせよ¹ こうわしろ²	kōwa seyo¹ kōwa shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	講和される	こうわされる	kōwa sareru
Causative	講和させる講和さす	こうわさせるこうわさす	kōwa saseru kōwa sasu
Potential	講和できる	こうわできる	kōwa dekiru
Volitional	講和しよう	こうわしよう	kōwa shiyō
Negative	講和しない	こうわしない	kōwa shinai
Negative continuative	講和せず	こうわせず	kōwa sezu
Formal	講和します	こうわします	kōwa shimasu
Perfective	講和した	こうわした	kōwa shita
Conjunctive	講和して	こうわして	kōwa shite
Hypothetical conditional	講和すれば	こうわすれば	kōwa sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“講和”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
講	和

Noun

講和 • (ganghwa) (hangeul 강화)

hanja form^? of 강화

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
講	和

Verb

講和

chữ Hán form of giảng hoà (“to make peace; to reconcile”)