誹謗

See also: 诽谤

Chinese

		slander	to slander; defame; speak ill of
trad. (誹謗)		誹	謗
simp. (诽谤)		诽	谤

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fěibàng

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄟˇ ㄅㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fei² pong³ / fei² bong³
Eastern Min (BUC): hūi-báung
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): húi-pòng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fěibàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄟˇ ㄅㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fěibàng
  - Wade–Giles: fei³-pang⁴
  - Yale: fěi-bàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feeibanq
  - Palladius: фэйбан (fɛjban)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fei² pong³ / fei² bong³
  - Yale: féi pong / féi bong
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fei² pong³ / fei² bong³
  - Guangdong Romanization: féi² pong³ / féi² bong³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fei̯³⁵ pʰɔːŋ³³/, /fei̯³⁵ pɔːŋ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hūi-báung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hui³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(p-)βɑuŋ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: húi-pòng
  - Tâi-lô: huí-pòng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huy'poxng
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /hui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pɔŋ²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pɔŋ⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pɔŋ²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /hui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pɔŋ¹¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pɔŋ²¹/

Middle Chinese: pj+j|pj+jH pangH

Rime
Character	誹	誹	謗
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	微 (21)	微 (21)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III	I
Fanqie	甫微切	方味切	補曠切
Baxter	pj+j	pj+jH	pangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʉi/	/pʉi^H/	/pɑŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷɨi/	/pʷɨi^H/	/pɑŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/piuəi/	/piuəi^H/	/pɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puj/	/puj^H/	/paŋ^H/
Li Rong	/piuəi/	/piuəi^H/	/pɑŋ^H/
Wang Li	/pĭwəi/	/pĭwəi^H/	/pɑŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pwe̯i/	/pwe̯i^H/	/pɑŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fēi	fèi	bàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fei¹	fei³	bong³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pə[j] pˤaŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*pɯl|pɯlʔ|pɯls paːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	誹	謗
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fěi	bàng
Middle Chinese	‹ pj+j ›	‹ pang^H ›
Old Chinese	/*pə[j]/	/*pˁaŋ-s/
English	slander	slander
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	誹	誹	誹	謗
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
No.	3083	3089	3092	2992
Phonetic component	非	非	非	方
Rime group	微	微	微	陽
Rime subdivision	1	1	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	猆	匪	沸	螃
Old Chinese	/*pɯl/	/*pɯlʔ/	/*pɯls/	/*paːŋs/

Verb

誹謗

to slander; to vilify; to libel; to defame
(Classical) to criticize; to comment; to discuss

Synonyms

(to slander):

倚賴 / 倚赖 (Hokkien, Teochew)
彎鬱 / 弯郁 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
攻擊 / 攻击 (gōngjī)
栽贓 / 栽赃 (zāizāng)
毀謗 / 毁谤 (huǐbàng)
污蔑 (wūmiè)
潑髒水 / 泼脏水 (pō zāng shuǐ) (figurative)
瘄污 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
詆毀 / 诋毁 (dǐhuǐ)
誣告 / 诬告
誣害 / 诬害 (wūhài)
誣捏 / 诬捏 (ŭ-niĕk) (Eastern Min)
誣枉 / 诬枉 (wūwǎng)
誣蔑 / 诬蔑 (wūmiè)
誣賴 / 诬赖 (wūlài)
誣陷 / 诬陷 (wūxiàn)
謗毀 / 谤毁 (bànghuǐ) (literary)
謠諑 / 谣诼 (yáozhuó) (literary)
讒害 / 谗害 (chánhài)
賴 / 赖 (lài)

Derived terms

口頭誹謗 / 口头诽谤
誹謗之木 / 诽谤之木
誹謗罪 / 诽谤罪 (fěibàngzuì)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (誹謗):

→ Japanese: 誹(ひ)謗(ぼう) (hibō)
→ Korean: 비방(誹謗) (bibang)
→ Vietnamese: phỉ báng (誹謗)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
誹	謗
ひ Hyōgai	ぼう Hyōgai
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ひぼー [hìbóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [çibo̞ː]

Noun

誹(ひ)謗(ぼう) • (hibō) ^{←ひばう (fibau)^?}

slander
verbal abuse

Synonyms

訕謗(せんぼう) (senbō)

Verb

誹(ひ)謗(ぼう)する • (hibō suru) ^{←ひばう (fibau)^?}transitive suru (stem 誹(ひ)謗(ぼう)し (hibō shi), past 誹(ひ)謗(ぼう)した (hibō shita))

to slander someone
to verbally abuse someone

Conjugation

Conjugation of "誹謗する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	誹謗し	ひぼうし	hibō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	誹謗し	ひぼうし	hibō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	誹謗する	ひぼうする	hibō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	誹謗する	ひぼうする	hibō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	誹謗すれ	ひぼうすれ	hibō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	誹謗せよ¹ 誹謗しろ²	ひぼうせよ¹ ひぼうしろ²	hibō seyo¹ hibō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	誹謗される	ひぼうされる	hibō sareru
Causative	誹謗させる誹謗さす	ひぼうさせるひぼうさす	hibō saseru hibō sasu
Potential	誹謗できる	ひぼうできる	hibō dekiru
Volitional	誹謗しよう	ひぼうしよう	hibō shiyō
Negative	誹謗しない	ひぼうしない	hibō shinai
Negative continuative	誹謗せず	ひぼうせず	hibō sezu
Formal	誹謗します	ひぼうします	hibō shimasu
Perfective	誹謗した	ひぼうした	hibō shita
Conjunctive	誹謗して	ひぼうして	hibō shite
Hypothetical conditional	誹謗すれば	ひぼうすれば	hibō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“^▲誹^▲謗”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
誹	謗

Noun

誹謗 • (bibang) (hangeul 비방)

hanja form^? of 비방 (“slander”)