覆蓋

See also: 覆盖

Chinese

		to cover; to overflow; to reply to a letter to cover; to overflow; to reply to a letter; to overturn; to capsize	cover; lid; top cover; lid; top; canopy; to build
trad. (覆蓋)		覆	蓋
simp. (覆盖)		覆	盖

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fùgài

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ ㄍㄞˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk¹ goi³ / fuk¹ koi³ / fau⁶ goi³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hok-kài

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fùgài
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄍㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fùgài
  - Wade–Giles: fu⁴-kai⁴
  - Yale: fù-gài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhgay
  - Palladius: фугай (fugaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ kaɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fuk¹ goi³ / fuk¹ koi³ / fau⁶ goi³
  - Yale: fūk goi / fūk koi / fauh goi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fuk⁷ goi³ / fuk⁷ koi³ / fau⁶ goi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: fug¹ goi³ / fug¹ koi³ / feo⁶ goi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊk̚⁵ kɔːi̯³³/, /fʊk̚⁵ kʰɔːi̯³³/, /fɐu̯²² kɔːi̯³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hok-kài
  - Tâi-lô: hok-kài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hokkaix
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kai⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kai²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ kai²¹/

Verb

覆蓋

to cover
覆蓋範圍／覆盖范围 ― fùgài fànwéi ― coverage
- 無故，甕器自發訇訇作聲，若有人擊。盤案在前，忽然便失，雞生子，輒失去。如是數歲，人甚惡之。乃多作美食，覆蓋，著一室中，陰藏戶間窺伺之。果復重來，發聲如前。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  无故，瓮器自发訇訇作声，若有人击。盘案在前，忽然便失，鸡生子，辄失去。如是数岁，人甚恶之。乃多作美食，覆盖，著一室中，阴藏户间窥伺之。果复重来，发声如前。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: In Search of the Sacred, circa 3^rd century CE
  Wúgù, wèngqì zìfā hōnghōng zuòshēng, ruò yǒurén jī. Pán'àn zàiqián, hūrán biàn shī, jī shēngzǐ, zhé shīqù. Rúshì shù suì, rén shèn wù zhī. Nǎi duō zuò měishí, fùgài, zhù yī shì zhōng, yīn cáng hù jiān kuīsì zhī. Guǒ fù chónglái, fāshēng rú qián. [Pinyin]
  With no apparent rhyme or reason, the pots and jars opened by themselves, and there were sounds as if someone was knocking on them. During mealtimes, wooden trays would disappear as soon as they were put in front of the family. Hen's eggs would often go missing right after they were laid. Things were like this for several years, much to the consternation of the whole family. Then the master of the household cooked a lot of delicious food, covered it and put it in one of the rooms, while he himself hid behind the door and kept watch. The thing did come back once more, and let out the same noise as usual.
to extend to; to involve; to affect

Synonyms

(to cover):

edit

包圍 / 包围 (bāowéi)
塕埃 (Min Nan)
彌漫 / 弥漫 (mímàn)
掩蓋 / 掩盖 (yǎngài)
籠罩 / 笼罩 (lǒngzhào)
網 / 网 (wǎng)

Noun

覆蓋

cover
plant cover; vegetation

Derived terms

覆蓋率 / 覆盖率 (fùgàilǜ)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
覆	蓋
ふく Grade: S	がい Grade: S
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 覆蓋 / 覆盖 (phjuwk kaj^H, literally “cover + lid”). Compare modern Cantonese reading fuk¹ goi³.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ふくがい [fùkúgáí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟kɯ̟ɡa̠i]

Noun

覆(ふく)蓋(がい) • (fukugai)

(rare) the act of covering
(rare) a covering, something that covers

Usage notes

Rarely used. The synonyms are much more common.

Synonyms

(covering, in general): 覆(おお)い (ōi), 被覆(ひふく) (hifuku)
(bed covering): 上掛(うわが)け (uwagake)
(a lid): 蓋(ふた) (futa)

Verb

覆(ふく)蓋(がい)する • (fukugai suru) transitive suru (stem 覆(ふく)蓋(がい)し (fukugai shi), past 覆(ふく)蓋(がい)した (fukugai shita))

(rare) to cover something, to cover something up

Usage notes

Rarely used. The synonym 覆(おお)い被(かぶ)せる (ōikabuseru) is much more common.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "覆蓋する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	覆蓋し	ふくがいし	fukugai shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	覆蓋し	ふくがいし	fukugai shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	覆蓋する	ふくがいする	fukugai suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	覆蓋する	ふくがいする	fukugai suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	覆蓋すれ	ふくがいすれ	fukugai sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	覆蓋せよ¹ 覆蓋しろ²	ふくがいせよ¹ ふくがいしろ²	fukugai seyo¹ fukugai shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	覆蓋される	ふくがいされる	fukugai sareru
Causative	覆蓋させる覆蓋さす	ふくがいさせるふくがいさす	fukugai saseru fukugai sasu
Potential	覆蓋できる	ふくがいできる	fukugai dekiru
Volitional	覆蓋しよう	ふくがいしよう	fukugai shiyō
Negative	覆蓋しない	ふくがいしない	fukugai shinai
Negative continuative	覆蓋せず	ふくがいせず	fukugai sezu
Formal	覆蓋します	ふくがいします	fukugai shimasu
Perfective	覆蓋した	ふくがいした	fukugai shita
Conjunctive	覆蓋して	ふくがいして	fukugai shite
Hypothetical conditional	覆蓋すれば	ふくがいすれば	fukugai sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

覆(おお)い被(かぶ)せる (ōikabuseru)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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