蚤
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Translingual
Han character
蚤 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水戈中一戈 (EILMI), four-corner 17136, composition ⿱㕚虫(TJKV) or ⿱叉虫(G))
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1078, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32893
- Dae Jaweon: page 1547, character 19
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2836, character 3
- Unihan data for U+86A4
Chinese
| trad. | 蚤 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 蚤 | |
| alternative forms | ||
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 蚤 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Characters in the same phonetic series (蚤) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 㕚 (“claw”) + 虫 (“insect”) – a scratching insect/pest.
Etymology
Possibly cognate with 搔 (OC *suː, “to scratch”), thus meaning "itcher" (Unger 1992; Schuessler 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): zau3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): zau2
- Northern Min (KCR): cǎu / cě
- Eastern Min (BUC): cō̤ / cāu
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zao3
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zau3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zǎo
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zǎo
- Wade–Giles: tsao3
- Yale: dzǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzao
- Palladius: цзао (czao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zao3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zao
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sau⁵³/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: zǎo
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): zao3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔ¹¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zou2
- Yale: jóu
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzou2
- Guangdong Romanization: zou2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sou̯³⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: zou2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔu³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: cháu
- Hakka Romanization System: zauˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: zau3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sau̯³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: zauˊ
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sau²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: zau3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sau³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cǎu / cě
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sau²¹/, /t͡se²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zao3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: câu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sau⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zao3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sau³³²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cháu
- Tâi-lô: tsáu
- Phofsit Daibuun: zao
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sau⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sau⁵⁵⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sau⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sau⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sau⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zao2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsáu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sau⁵²/
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: zao2
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sau³¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading)
- (Northern: Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Haiyan, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
- Wugniu: 3tsau
- MiniDict: tsau上
- Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡sɔ⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡sɔ⁴²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sæ⁵¹/
- Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /t͡saɯ⁴⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡sɔ⁴³³/
- Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /t͡sɔ³⁴³/
- Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡sɒ³³⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡sɔ³²⁵/
- (Jinhua)
- Wugniu: 3tsau
- Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡sɑu⁵³⁵/
- Xiang
- Middle Chinese: tsawX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsˤuʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsuːʔ/
Definitions
蚤
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 跳蚤 (“flea”) [map]
Compounds
Further reading
Japanese
Kanji
蚤
Readings
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 蚤 |
| のみ Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
Possibly derived from 飲み (nomi), the nominalized 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 飲む (nomu, “to drink”), from the way that fleas drink the host's blood.
Pronunciation
Noun
蚤 or 蚤 • (nomi)
- flea (parasitic insect)
Usage notes
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ノミ (nomi).
Derived terms
- 蚤の市 (nomi no ichi): a flea market
- 蚤の衾 (nomi no fusuma)
Idioms
- 蚤が茶臼 (nomi ga chausu): “[like] a flea [carrying] a tea mortar” → a metaphor for an unreasonable or infeasible hope
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- “▲蚤”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
Hanja
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Okinawan
Kanji
蚤
Readings
- Kun: ぬみ (numi, 蚤)
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 蚤 |
| ぬみ Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
Cognate with Japanese 蚤 (nomi).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /numi/
Noun
蚤 (numi)
Vietnamese
Han character
蚤: Hán Việt readings: tảo[1][2], tão[3]
蚤: Nôm readings: tao[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], tau[1][2][3][4][5]
- chữ Nôm form of tao (“(impolite, familiar) I/me”)
- chữ Nôm form of tau (“North Central Vietnam form of tao (“I/me”)”)