薑
See also: 姜
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Translingual
Han character
薑 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 廿一田一 (TMWM), four-corner 44106, composition ⿱艹畺)
Derived characters
- 𱤳, 𤒬, 𥗪
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1061, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32110
- Dae Jaweon: page 1525, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3300, character 9
- Unihan data for U+8591
Chinese
| trad. | 薑 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 姜* | |
| alternative forms | 䕬 𧅁 𦷗 葁 姜 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 薑 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
Characters in the same phonetic series (畺) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Originally 䕬, a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kaŋ): semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 彊 (OC *kaŋs, *ɡaŋ, *ɡaŋʔ).
Note that the simplified form 姜 (OC *klaŋ) is also a traditional character on its own.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kjaŋ (“ginger”). Compare Burmese ချင်း (hkyang:).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jiang1
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): jiong1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): jion1
- Northern Min (KCR): gióng
- Eastern Min (BUC): giŏng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gieo1 / giao1 / giunn1 / gyorng1 / goeng1 / gyoeng1 / gyang1 / gieng1
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1cian
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jian1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jiāng
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄤ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jiang
- Wade–Giles: chiang1
- Yale: jyāng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiang
- Palladius: цзян (czjan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: jiang1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giang
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: goeng1
- Yale: gēung
- Cantonese Pinyin: goeng1
- Guangdong Romanization: gêng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kœːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: giang1 / giang1*
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiaŋ³³/, /kiaŋ³³⁻³³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiông
- Hakka Romanization System: giongˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: giong1
- Sinological IPA: /ki̯oŋ²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: giongˋ
- Sinological IPA: /kioŋ⁵³/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: giong1
- Sinological IPA: /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gióng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiɔŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gieo1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ga̤uⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /kieu⁵³³/
- (Jiangkou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: giao1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiɐu⁵³³/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: giunn1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kĩũ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gyorng1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gio̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kyɒŋ⁵³³/
- (Jiangkou, Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: goeng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kœŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gyoeng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Youyang)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gyang1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kyɐŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gieng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kieŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian, Nanri)
Note:
- gieo1/giao1/giunn1 - vernacular;
- gyorng1/goeng1/gyoeng1/gyang1/gieng1 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiuⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kiunn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kviw
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /kiũ³³/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Kinmen): /kiũ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Tainan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kioⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kionn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvioy
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou, Tainan): /kiɔ̃⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangpu): /kiɔ̃⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiauⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kiaunn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kviaw
- Sinological IPA (Penang): /kiãu³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiong
- Tâi-lô: kiong
- Phofsit Daibuun: kiofng
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiang
- Tâi-lô: kiang
- Phofsit Daibuun: kiafng
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiaŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong)
Note:
- kiuⁿ/kioⁿ/kiauⁿ - vernacular;
- kiong/kiang - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gion1 / giên1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kioⁿ / kieⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /kĩõ³³/, /kĩẽ³³/
Note:
- gion1 - Shantou;
- giên1 - Chaozhou.
- Middle Chinese: kjang
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]aŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kaŋ/
Definitions
薑
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 薑 (“ginger”) [map]
Compounds
- 乾薑 / 干姜 (gānjiāng)
- 人老精，薑老辣 / 人老精，姜老辣
- 吃蔥吃蒜不吃薑 / 吃葱吃蒜不吃姜
- 咬薑呷醋 / 咬姜呷醋 (yǎojiāngxiácù)
- 咬薑啜醋 / 咬姜啜醋
- 夠薑 / 够姜
- 嫩薑 / 嫩姜 (nènjiāng)
- 子薑 / 子姜 (zǐjiāng)
- 山薑 / 山姜
- 廉薑 / 廉姜
- 本地薑唔辣 / 本地姜唔辣
- 枸薑 / 枸姜
- 桂薑 / 桂姜
- 毛薑 / 毛姜
- 洋薑 / 洋姜 (yángjiāng)
- 熬薑呷醋 / 熬姜呷醋
- 猴薑 / 猴姜
- 生薑 / 生姜 (shēngjiāng)
- 癡鼠拖薑 / 痴鼠拖姜
- 砂薑 / 砂姜
- 砸薑磨蒜 / 砸姜磨蒜
- 粉薑 / 粉姜
- 紅球薑 / 红球姜
- 胡椒細細辣過薑 / 胡椒细细辣过姜
- 般薑鼠 / 般姜鼠
- 苗薑 / 苗姜
- 茈薑 / 茈姜 (zǐjiāng)
- 薑啤 / 姜啤
- 薑嫲 / 姜嫲
- 薑是老的辣 / 姜是老的辣 (jiāng shì lǎo de là)
- 薑桂 / 姜桂
- 薑桂老辣 / 姜桂老辣 (jiāngguìlǎolà)
- 薑母 / 姜母 (jiāngmǔ)
- 薑母鴨 / 姜母鸭 (jiāngmǔyā)
- 薑汁撞奶 / 姜汁撞奶 (jiāngzhī zhuàng nǎi)
- 薑湯 / 姜汤
- 薑絲 / 姜丝 (jiāngsī)
- 薑絲大腸 / 姜丝大肠
- 薑越老越辣 / 姜越老越辣 (jiāngyuèlǎoyuèlà)
- 薑還是老的辣 / 姜还是老的辣 (jiāng háishì lǎo de là)
- 薑醋 / 姜醋 (jiāngcù)
- 薑餅 / 姜饼 (jiāngbǐng)
- 薑黃 / 姜黄 (jiānghuáng)
- 蜀薑 / 蜀姜
- 豬腳薑 / 猪脚姜 (zhūjiǎojiāng)
- 豬腳薑醋 / 猪脚姜醋 (zhūjiǎo jiāngcù)
- 野薑花 / 野姜花
- 高良薑 / 高良姜 (gāoliángjiāng)
- 鬼子薑 / 鬼子姜
- 麥句薑 / 麦句姜
- 黃薑 / 黄姜 (huángjiāng)
- 黃薑薑 / 黄姜姜
- 鼠銜薑 / 鼠衔姜
Descendants
References
- “薑”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “姜”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 253.
Japanese
Kanji
薑
Readings
Compounds
- 薑黄 (kyōō): wild turmeric
References
- “▲薑”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [강]
Hanja
薑 • (gang) (hangeul 강, revised gang, McCune–Reischauer kang, Yale kang)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
Han character
薑: Hán Việt readings: khương[1][2][3][4], cương[4][5][6]
薑: Nôm readings: gừng[1][2][3][4][5][6], gầng[4][5][6], cưng[2]