蔑む

Japanese

Kanji in this term
蔑
さげす
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
貶む

Etymology

Originally a compound of 下(さ)げ (sage, 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 下(さ)げる (sageru)) + 墨(す)む (sumu, verbification of 墨(すみ) (sumi, “ink”)).[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) さげすむ [sàgésúꜜmù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
  • IPA(key): [sa̠ɡe̞sɨmɯ̟]

Verb

蔑(さげす)む • (sagesumu) transitive godan (stem 蔑(さげす)み (sagesumi), past 蔑(さげす)んだ (sagesunda))

  1. scorn, despise
    身(み)なりを見(み)ただけで人(ひと)を蔑(さげす)むのはよくない。
    Minari o mita dake de hito o sagesumu no wa yokunai.
    It's not good to despise someone just because of their clothing.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "蔑む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 蔑ま さげすま sagesuma
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 蔑み さげすみ sagesumi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 蔑む さげすむ sagesumu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 蔑む さげすむ sagesumu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 蔑め さげすめ sagesume
Meireikei ("imperative") 蔑め さげすめ sagesume
Key constructions
Passive 蔑まれる さげすまれる sagesumareru
Causative 蔑ませる
蔑ます 		さげすませる
さげすます 		sagesumaseru
sagesumasu
Potential 蔑める さげすめる sagesumeru
Volitional 蔑もう さげすもう sagesumō
Negative 蔑まない さげすまない sagesumanai
Negative continuative 蔑まず さげすまず sagesumazu
Formal 蔑みます さげすみます sagesumimasu
Perfective 蔑んだ さげすんだ sagesunda
Conjunctive 蔑んで さげすんで sagesunde
Hypothetical conditional 蔑めば さげすめば sagesumeba
Classical conjugation of "蔑む" (マ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 蔑ま さげすま sagesuma
Continuative (連用形) 蔑み さげすみ sagesumi
Terminal (終止形) 蔑む さげすむ sagesumu
Attributive (連体形) 蔑む さげすむ sagesumu
Realis (已然形) 蔑め さげすめ sagesume
Imperative (命令形) 蔑め さげすめ sagesume
Key constructions
Negative 蔑まず さげすまず sagesumazu
Contrasting conjunction 蔑めど さげすめど sagesumedo
Causal conjunction 蔑めば さげすめば sagesumeba
Conditional conjunction 蔑まば さげすまば sagesumaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 蔑みき さげすみき sagesumiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 蔑みけり さげすみけり sagesumikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 蔑みつ さげすみつ sagesumitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 蔑みぬ さげすみぬ sagesuminu
Perfect-continuative tense 蔑めり
蔑みたり		 さげすめり
さげすみたり		 sagesumeri
sagesumitari
Volitional 蔑まむ さげすまむ sagesumamu

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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