自動化
See also: 自动化
Chinese
| ‑ize | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (自動化) | 自動 | 化 | |
| simp. (自动化) | 自动 | 化 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zi6 dung6 faa3
- Hakka
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zo5 dang5 hua4
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zìdònghuà
- Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zìhdònghuà
- Wade–Giles: tzŭ4-tung4-hua4
- Yale: dz̀-dùng-hwà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhdonqhuah
- Palladius: цзыдунхуа (czydunxua)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zi6 dung6 faa3
- Yale: jih duhng fa
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzi6 dung6 faa3
- Guangdong Romanization: ji6 dung6 fa3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siː²² tʊŋ²² faː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ-thung-fa
- Hakka Romanization System: cii tung fa
- Hagfa Pinyim: ci4 tung4 fa4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ tʰuŋ⁵⁵ fa⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: cii˖ tung˖ faˇ
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ³³ tʰuŋ³³ fa¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zo5 dang5 hua4 [Phonetic: zo5 lang1 hua4]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ceō-dāng-hua̍
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡so¹¹ (t-)laŋ¹¹⁻⁵⁵ hua⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zo5 dang5 hua4 [Phonetic: zo5 lang1 hua4]
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡so²¹ (t-)laŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵ hua⁴²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-tōng-hòa
- Tâi-lô: tsū-tōng-huà
- Phofsit Daibuun: zuxdoxnghoax
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ tɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ hua¹¹/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ tɔŋ³³⁻²¹ hua²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ tɔŋ²²⁻²¹ hua²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chīr-tōng-hòa
- Tâi-lô: tsīr-tōng-huà
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² tɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² hua⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ze6 dong6 huê3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsṳ̆ tŏng huè
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ toŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ hue²¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Verb
自動化
- to automate
Derived terms
References
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 40.
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 自 | 動 | 化 |
| じ Grade: 2 |
どう Grade: 3 |
か Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | ||
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 自働化 |
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
自動化 • (jidōka) ←じどうくわ (zidoukwa)?
Verb
自動化する • (jidōka suru) suru (stem 自動化し (jidōka shi), past 自動化した (jidōka shita))
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 自動化し | じどうかし | jidōka shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 自動化し | じどうかし | jidōka shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 自動化する | じどうかする | jidōka suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 自動化する | じどうかする | jidōka suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 自動化すれ | じどうかすれ | jidōka sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 自動化せよ¹ 自動化しろ² |
じどうかせよ¹ じどうかしろ² |
jidōka seyo¹ jidōka shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 自動化される | じどうかされる | jidōka sareru |
| Causative | 自動化させる 自動化さす |
じどうかさせる じどうかさす |
jidōka saseru jidōka sasu |
| Potential | 自動化できる | じどうかできる | jidōka dekiru |
| Volitional | 自動化しよう | じどうかしよう | jidōka shiyō |
| Negative | 自動化しない | じどうかしない | jidōka shinai |
| Negative continuative | 自動化せず | じどうかせず | jidōka sezu |
| Formal | 自動化します | じどうかします | jidōka shimasu |
| Perfective | 自動化した | じどうかした | jidōka shita |
| Conjunctive | 自動化して | じどうかして | jidōka shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 自動化すれば | じどうかすれば | jidōka sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
Korean
| Hanja in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 自 | 動 | 化 |
Noun
自動化 • (jadonghwa) (hangeul 자동화)
- hanja form? of 자동화 (“automation”)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 自 | 動 | 化 |
Verb
自動化
- chữ Hán form of tự động hóa (“to automate”)