給食

Japanese

Kanji in this term
給	食
きゅう Grade: 4	しょく Grade: 2
kan'on

Etymology

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 給食 (MC kip zyik, literally “to give, to supply + food, meal”). Sourced from the Chinese work 史記 / 史记 (Shǐjì, “Records of the Grand Historian”) completed in 91 BCE.^[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きゅうしょく [kyùúshókú] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
IPA^(key): [kʲɨːɕo̞kɯ̟]

Noun

給(きゅう)食(しょく) • (kyūshoku) ^{←きふしょく (kifusyoku)^?}

the provision of a meal
school meal

Verb

給(きゅう)食(しょく)する • (kyūshoku suru) ^{←きふしょく (kifusyoku)^?}intransitive suru (stem 給(きゅう)食(しょく)し (kyūshoku shi), past 給(きゅう)食(しょく)した (kyūshoku shita))

to provide a meal, such as for students or employees

Conjugation

Conjugation of "給食する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	給食し	きゅうしょくし	kyūshoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	給食し	きゅうしょくし	kyūshoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	給食する	きゅうしょくする	kyūshoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	給食する	きゅうしょくする	kyūshoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	給食すれ	きゅうしょくすれ	kyūshoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	給食せよ¹ 給食しろ²	きゅうしょくせよ¹ きゅうしょくしろ²	kyūshoku seyo¹ kyūshoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	給食される	きゅうしょくされる	kyūshoku sareru
Causative	給食させる給食さす	きゅうしょくさせるきゅうしょくさす	kyūshoku saseru kyūshoku sasu
Potential	給食できる	きゅうしょくできる	kyūshoku dekiru
Volitional	給食しよう	きゅうしょくしよう	kyūshoku shiyō
Negative	給食しない	きゅうしょくしない	kyūshoku shinai
Negative continuative	給食せず	きゅうしょくせず	kyūshoku sezu
Formal	給食します	きゅうしょくします	kyūshoku shimasu
Perfective	給食した	きゅうしょくした	kyūshoku shita
Conjunctive	給食して	きゅうしょくして	kyūshoku shite
Hypothetical conditional	給食すれば	きゅうしょくすれば	kyūshoku sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“給食”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
給	食

Noun

給食 • (geupsik) (hangeul 급식)

hanja form^? of 급식 (“school meal”)

[KDJ-1] Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]