窒息
Chinese
| obstruct; stop up | rest; news; interest rest; news; interest; breath | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (窒息) | 窒 | 息 | |
| simp. #(窒息) | 窒 | 息 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zat6 sik1
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tit-siak / tit-sek / lit-sit / chit-siak / chit-sek
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zhìxī
- Zhuyin: ㄓˋ ㄒㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhìhsi
- Wade–Giles: chih4-hsi1
- Yale: jr̀-syī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyhshi
- Palladius: чжиси (čžisi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zhìxí
- Zhuyin: ㄓˋ ㄒㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhìhsí
- Wade–Giles: chih4-hsi2
- Yale: jr̀-syí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyhshyi
- Palladius: чжиси (čžisi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɕi³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zat6 sik1
- Yale: jaht sīk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzat9 sik7
- Guangdong Romanization: zed6 xig1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɐt̚² sɪk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tit-siak
- Tâi-lô: tit-siak
- Phofsit Daibuun: ditsiag
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /tit̚⁵⁻²⁴ siak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tit-sek
- Tâi-lô: tit-sik
- Phofsit Daibuun: ditseg
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /tit̚³²⁻⁴ siɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lit-sit
- Tâi-lô: lit-sit
- Phofsit Daibuun: litsid
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /lit̚³²⁻⁵ sit̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit-siak
- Tâi-lô: tsit-siak
- Phofsit Daibuun: citsiag
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sit̚⁵⁻²⁴ siak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit-sek
- Tâi-lô: tsit-sik
- Phofsit Daibuun: citseg
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ siɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
Verb
窒息
- (intransitive, literally, medicine) to suffer asphyxia; to asphyxiate; to suffocate; to stifle
- (transitive, figuratively) to suffocate; to stifle
Derived terms
See also
- 缺氧 (quēyǎng)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 窒 | 息 |
| ちつ > ちっ Grade: S |
そく Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
窒息 • (chissoku)
See also
- 酸欠 (sanketsu)
Verb
窒息する • (chissoku suru) suru (stem 窒息し (chissoku shi), past 窒息した (chissoku shita))
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 窒息し | ちっそくし | chissoku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 窒息し | ちっそくし | chissoku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 窒息する | ちっそくする | chissoku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 窒息する | ちっそくする | chissoku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 窒息すれ | ちっそくすれ | chissoku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 窒息せよ¹ 窒息しろ² |
ちっそくせよ¹ ちっそくしろ² |
chissoku seyo¹ chissoku shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 窒息される | ちっそくされる | chissoku sareru |
| Causative | 窒息させる 窒息さす |
ちっそくさせる ちっそくさす |
chissoku saseru chissoku sasu |
| Potential | 窒息できる | ちっそくできる | chissoku dekiru |
| Volitional | 窒息しよう | ちっそくしよう | chissoku shiyō |
| Negative | 窒息しない | ちっそくしない | chissoku shinai |
| Negative continuative | 窒息せず | ちっそくせず | chissoku sezu |
| Formal | 窒息します | ちっそくします | chissoku shimasu |
| Perfective | 窒息した | ちっそくした | chissoku shita |
| Conjunctive | 窒息して | ちっそくして | chissoku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 窒息すれば | ちっそくすれば | chissoku sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- “窒息”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 窒 | 息 |
Noun
窒息 • (jilsik) (hangeul 질식)
- hanja form? of 질식 (“suffocation”)