神靈

See also: 神灵

Chinese

		God; unusual; mysterious God; unusual; mysterious; soul; spirit; divine essence; lively; spiritual being	alert; departed soul; efficacious alert; departed soul; efficacious; quick; effective; intelligence
trad. (神靈)		神	靈
simp. (神灵)		神	灵

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shénlíng

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄣˊ ㄌㄧㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): san⁴ ling⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sṳ̀n lìn

(Hailu, HRS): shin lin
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sîn-lêng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shénlíng
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˊ ㄌㄧㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shénlíng
  - Wade–Giles: shên²-ling²
  - Yale: shén-líng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shernling
  - Palladius: шэньлин (šɛnʹlin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂən³⁵ liŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: san⁴ ling⁴
  - Yale: sàhn lìhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: san⁴ ling⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: sen⁴ ling⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐn²¹ lɪŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̀n lìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: siin^ˇ lin^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sin² lin²
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨn¹¹ lin¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: shin lin
  - Sinological IPA: /ʃin⁵⁵ lin⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sîn-lêng
  - Tâi-lô: sîn-lîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sinleeng
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /sin²³⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /sin²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /sin²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /sin¹³⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/

Middle Chinese: zyin leng

Rime
Character	神	靈
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	船 (27)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	IV
Fanqie	食鄰切	郎丁切
Baxter	zyin	leng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʑiɪn/	/leŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʑin/	/leŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ʑjen/	/lɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʑin/	/lɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/d͡ʑiĕn/	/leŋ/
Wang Li	/d͡ʑĭĕn/	/lieŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡ʑʰi̯ĕn/	/lieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shén	líng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	san⁴	ling⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.li[n] [r]ˤeŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*hlin reːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	神	靈
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shén	líng
Middle Chinese	‹ zyin ›	‹ leng ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.li[n]/	/*[r]ˁeŋ/
English	spirit	supernatural
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	神	靈
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11245	8259
Phonetic component	申	霝
Rime group	眞	耕
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	神	靈
Old Chinese	/*hlin/	/*reːŋ/

Noun

神靈

gods; deities; divinities
崇拜神靈／崇拜神灵 ― chóngbài shénlíng ― to adore gods
- 如實論之，卜筮不問天地，蓍龜未必神靈。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  如实论之，卜筮不问天地，蓍龟未必神灵。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE
  Rúshí lùn zhī, bǔshì bùwèn tiāndì, shīguī wèibì shénlíng. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
spirits