研修

See also: 硏修

Chinese

		grind fine; study; research	to decorate; to embellish; to repair to decorate; to embellish; to repair; to build; to study; to write; to cultivate
trad. (研修)		研	修
simp. ^#(研修)		研	修

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yánxiū

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄡ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jin⁴ sau¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gián-siu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yánxiū
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yánsiou
  - Wade–Giles: yen²-hsiu¹
  - Yale: yán-syōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yanshiou
  - Palladius: яньсю (janʹsju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn³⁵ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jin⁴ sau¹
  - Yale: yìhn sāu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jin⁴ sau¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yin⁴ seo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːn²¹ sɐu̯⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gián-siu
  - Tâi-lô: gián-siu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: giefnsiw
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɡiɛn⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siu⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡiɛn⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siu³³/

Verb

研修

to do research work
研修計劃／研修计划 ― yánxiū jìhuà ― research proposal

Synonyms

探討 / 探讨 (tàntǎo)
摳 / 抠 (kōu)
查考 (chákǎo)
研究 (yánjiū)
研習 / 研习 (yánxí)
研討 / 研讨 (yántǎo)
精研 (jīngyán) (formal)
細究 / 细究 (xìjiū)
考究
調查 / 调查 (diàochá)
鑽 / 钻
鑽研 / 钻研 (zuānyán)

Derived terms

研修班 (yánxiūbān)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (研修):

→ Japanese: 研(けん)修(しゅう) (kenshū)
→ Korean: 연수(硏修) (yeonsu)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
研	修
けん Grade: 3	しゅう Grade: 5
kan'yōon	kan'on

Alternative spelling
硏修 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) けんしゅう [kèńshúú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [kẽ̞ɰ̃ɕɨː]

Noun

研(けん)修(しゅう) • (kenshū) ^{←けんしう (kensiu)^?}

work-related, in-service study and training

Derived terms

研(けん)修(しゅう)医(い) (kenshūi)

Verb

研(けん)修(しゅう)する • (kenshū suru) ^{←けんしう (kensiu)^?}transitive suru (stem 研(けん)修(しゅう)し (kenshū shi), past 研(けん)修(しゅう)した (kenshū shita))

study and train for work
産(さん)婦(ふ)人(じん)科(か)を研(けん)修(しゅう)する
sanfujinka o kenshū suru
do in-service training in gynecology

Conjugation

Conjugation of "研修する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	研修し	けんしゅうし	kenshū shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	研修し	けんしゅうし	kenshū shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	研修する	けんしゅうする	kenshū suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	研修する	けんしゅうする	kenshū suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	研修すれ	けんしゅうすれ	kenshū sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	研修せよ¹ 研修しろ²	けんしゅうせよ¹ けんしゅうしろ²	kenshū seyo¹ kenshū shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	研修される	けんしゅうされる	kenshū sareru
Causative	研修させる研修さす	けんしゅうさせるけんしゅうさす	kenshū saseru kenshū sasu
Potential	研修できる	けんしゅうできる	kenshū dekiru
Volitional	研修しよう	けんしゅうしよう	kenshū shiyō
Negative	研修しない	けんしゅうしない	kenshū shinai
Negative continuative	研修せず	けんしゅうせず	kenshū sezu
Formal	研修します	けんしゅうします	kenshū shimasu
Perfective	研修した	けんしゅうした	kenshū shita
Conjunctive	研修して	けんしゅうして	kenshū shite
Hypothetical conditional	研修すれば	けんしゅうすれば	kenshū sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“研修”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026