直筆

直筆

1. (literary, of a court historian) to record something in an honest and straightforward manner, without embellishment or omission

• 曲筆／曲笔

• /dikipitu/ → /dikifitu/ → /d͡ʑikihit͡su/

From Middle Chinese compound 直筆 / 直笔 (drik pit, literally “straight, direct + writing”). Compare modern Mandarin 直筆／直笔 (zhíbǐ, “an honest story, a straightforward account of something”).

This reading uses the goon of jiki for the first character and the kan'on of hitsu for the second character, possibly suggesting an innovation in the reading within Japanese after the initial borrowing.

• (Tokyo) じきひつ [jìkíhítsú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [d͡ʑikʲiçit͡sɨ]

直(じき)筆(ひつ) • (jikihitsu) ^{←ぢきひつ (dikifitu)?}

1. the act of writing something oneself by hand
2. the resulting handwritten document or writing:
   1. one's own handwriting
   2. a holograph, an autograph (something written by oneself, not just one's signature)

• 自筆(じひつ) (jihitsu)
• 直書(じきしょ) (jikisho)
• 親書(しんしょ) (shinsho)

直(じき)筆(ひつ)する • (jikihitsu suru) ^{←ぢきひつ (dikifitu)?}suru (stem 直(じき)筆(ひつ)し (jikihitsu shi), past 直(じき)筆(ひつ)した (jikihitsu shita))

1. to write something oneself by hand

From Middle Chinese compound 直筆 / 直笔 (drik pit, literally “straight, direct + writing”). Compare modern Mandarin 直筆／直笔 (zhíbǐ, “an honest story, a straightforward account of something”).

This reading uses the kan'on for both characters, suggesting either a later borrowing of the term as a whole, or a shift in reading influenced by other later borrowings.

• (Tokyo) ちょくひつ [chòkúhítsú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞kɯ̟çit͡sɨ]

直(ちょく)筆(ひつ) • (chokuhitsu) 

1. an honest and straightforward record of something, without embellishment or omission
2. holding a brush vertically when writing to use the tip of the brush
3. the act of writing something oneself by hand
4. the resulting handwritten document or writing:
   1. one's own handwriting
   2. a holograph, an autograph (something written by oneself, not just one's signature)

For the writing oneself senses, this reading appears to be less common than jikihitsu above.

• (antonym(s) of “honest record”): 曲筆(きょくひつ) (kyokuhitsu): an embellished story, a tall tale
• (antonym(s) of “vertical brush”): 側筆(そくひつ) (sokuhitsu): holding a brush at an angle to use the body of the brush

直(ちょく)筆(ひつ)する • (chokuhitsu suru) suru (stem 直(ちょく)筆(ひつ)し (chokuhitsu shi), past 直(ちょく)筆(ひつ)した (chokuhitsu shita))

1. to record something in an honest and straightforward manner, without embellishment or omission
2. to hold a brush vertically when writing to use the tip of the brush
3. to write something oneself by hand

For the write oneself sense, this reading appears to be less common than jikihitsu above.

• (antonym(s) of “honest record”): 曲筆(きょくひつ) (kyokuhitsu): to write an embellished story, to write a tall tale
• (antonym(s) of “vertical brush”): 側筆(そくひつ) (sokuhitsu): to hold a brush at an angle to use the body of the brush

• “直筆”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026