痙攣

See also: 𫞬挛 and 痉挛

Chinese

		spasm	twisted; bent; crooked twisted; bent; crooked; cramped
trad. (痙攣)		痙	攣
simp. (痉挛)		痉	挛

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jìngluán

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥˋ ㄌㄨㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ging⁶ lyun⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kēng-loân

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jìngluán
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥˋ ㄌㄨㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jìngluán
  - Wade–Giles: ching⁴-luan²
  - Yale: jìng-lwán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinqluan
  - Palladius: цзинлуань (czinluanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ lu̯än³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    痙攣 / 痉挛
    鏡鸞 / 镜鸾

Note: Often mispronounced as jīngluán.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ging⁶ lyun⁴
  - Yale: gihng lyùhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ging⁶ lyn⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ging⁶ lün⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɪŋ²² lyːn²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kēng-loân
  - Tâi-lô: kīng-luân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kexngloaan
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ²²⁻²¹ luan²⁴/

Verb

痙攣

(medicine) to spasm; to have sudden involuntary muscular contractions; to have a cramp
腸痙攣／肠痉挛 ― cháng jìngluán ― intestinal cramps

得破傷風的人會痙攣。 [MSC, trad.]
得破伤风的人会痉挛。 [MSC, simp.]
Dé pòshāngfēng de rén huì jìngluán. [Pinyin]
People who contract tetanus will spasm.

Synonyms

瘛瘲／瘛疭 (chìzòng) (TCM)

Derived terms

眼瞼痙攣 / 眼睑痉挛
胃痙攣 / 胃痉挛 (wèijìngluán)
陰道痙攣 / 阴道痉挛

Japanese

Kanji in this term
痙	攣
けい Hyōgai	れん Hyōgai
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
𫞬挛 (extended shinjitai)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) けーれん [kèéréń] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ke̞ːɾẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

痙(けい)攣(れん) • (keiren)

convulsion, spasm, cramp, twitching

Verb

痙(けい)攣(れん)する • (keiren suru) suru (stem 痙(けい)攣(れん)し (keiren shi), past 痙(けい)攣(れん)した (keiren shita))

convulse, spasm, cramp, twitch

Conjugation

Conjugation of "痙攣する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	痙攣し	けいれんし	keiren shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	痙攣し	けいれんし	keiren shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	痙攣する	けいれんする	keiren suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	痙攣する	けいれんする	keiren suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	痙攣すれ	けいれんすれ	keiren sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	痙攣せよ¹ 痙攣しろ²	けいれんせよ¹ けいれんしろ²	keiren seyo¹ keiren shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	痙攣される	けいれんされる	keiren sareru
Causative	痙攣させる痙攣さす	けいれんさせるけいれんさす	keiren saseru keiren sasu
Potential	痙攣できる	けいれんできる	keiren dekiru
Volitional	痙攣しよう	けいれんしよう	keiren shiyō
Negative	痙攣しない	けいれんしない	keiren shinai
Negative continuative	痙攣せず	けいれんせず	keiren sezu
Formal	痙攣します	けいれんします	keiren shimasu
Perfective	痙攣した	けいれんした	keiren shita
Conjunctive	痙攣して	けいれんして	keiren shite
Hypothetical conditional	痙攣すれば	けいれんすれば	keiren sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

See also

引(ひ)き付(つ)け (hikitsuke)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“^▲痙^▲攣”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
痙	攣

Noun

痙攣 • (gyeongnyeon) (hangeul 경련)

hanja form^? of 경련 (“convulsion, spasm”)