疑問

See also: 疑问

Chinese

		to doubt; to misbelieve; to suspect	to ask
trad. (疑問)		疑	問
simp. (疑问)		疑	问

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yíwèn

(Zhuyin): ㄧˊ ㄨㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁴ man⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngì-mun
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): gî-būn

(Teochew, Peng'im): ghi⁵ mung⁷

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yíwèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˊ ㄨㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yíwùn
  - Wade–Giles: i²-wên⁴
  - Yale: yí-wèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiwenn
  - Palladius: ивэнь (ivɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i³⁵ wən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ji⁴ man⁶
  - Yale: yìh mahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁴ man⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yi⁴ men⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː²¹ mɐn²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngì-mun
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngi^ˇ mun
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngi² mun⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋi¹¹ mun⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gî-būn
  - Tâi-lô: gî-būn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gi'bun
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ɡi²⁴⁻²² bun²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡi²⁴⁻²² bun⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡi¹³⁻²² bun²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ɡi²⁴⁻¹¹ bun³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡi²³⁻³³ bun³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ghi⁵ mung⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: gî mūng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɡi⁵⁵⁻¹¹ muŋ¹¹/

Middle Chinese: ngi mjunH

Rime
Character	疑	問
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	語其切	亡運切
Baxter	ngi	mjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨ/	/mɨun^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɨ/	/miun^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋie/	/miuən^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨ/	/mun^H/
Li Rong	/ŋiə/	/miuən^H/
Wang Li	/ŋĭə/	/mĭuən^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋi/	/mi̯uən^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yí	wèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ji⁴	man⁶

Noun

疑問

query; question; doubt
無論何時何地，只要你有困難或有任何疑問，都歡迎隨時聯繫我。 [MSC, trad.]
无论何时何地，只要你有困难或有任何疑问，都欢迎随时联系我。 [MSC, simp.]
Wúlùn héshí hédì, zhǐyào nǐ yǒu kùnnan huò yǒu rènhé yíwèn, dōu huānyíng suíshí liánxì wǒ. [Pinyin]
No matter when or where you have any difficulties or questions, please feel free to contact me.

Synonyms

edit

問話 / 问话 (wènhuà)
問題 / 问题 (wèntí)
提問 / 提问 (tíwèn)

Derived terms

毫無疑問 / 毫无疑问 (háowúyíwèn)
疑問代詞 / 疑问代词 (yíwèn dàicí)

Related terms

無疑／无疑 (wúyí)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
疑	問
ぎ Grade: 6	もん Grade: 3
on'yomi	goon

Etymology

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 疑問 (MC ngi mjunH, literally “doubt, suspicion + ask”), apparently borrowed later as a learned borrowing from Literary Chinese of the same source term.

First attested in the early 1600s.^[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぎもん [gìmóń] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [ɡʲimõ̞ɴ]

Noun

疑(ぎ)問(もん) • (gimon)

[from early 1600s] a question (implies a doubt about something)
Synonym: (neutral, no nuances of doubt) 質問 (shitsumon)
[from 1887] a doubt or suspicion about whether something is real or true

Verb

疑(ぎ)問(もん)する • (gimon suru) suru (stem 疑(ぎ)問(もん)し (gimon shi), past 疑(ぎ)問(もん)した (gimon shita))

[from early 1600s] to ask (implies a doubt about something)
Synonym: (neutral, no nuances of doubt) 質問する (shitsumon suru)
[from 1887] to doubt or suspect that something might not be real or true

Conjugation

Conjugation of "疑問する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	疑問し	ぎもんし	gimon shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	疑問し	ぎもんし	gimon shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	疑問する	ぎもんする	gimon suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	疑問する	ぎもんする	gimon suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	疑問すれ	ぎもんすれ	gimon sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	疑問せよ¹ 疑問しろ²	ぎもんせよ¹ ぎもんしろ²	gimon seyo¹ gimon shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	疑問される	ぎもんされる	gimon sareru
Causative	疑問させる疑問さす	ぎもんさせるぎもんさす	gimon saseru gimon sasu
Potential	疑問できる	ぎもんできる	gimon dekiru
Volitional	疑問しよう	ぎもんしよう	gimon shiyō
Negative	疑問しない	ぎもんしない	gimon shinai
Negative continuative	疑問せず	ぎもんせず	gimon sezu
Formal	疑問します	ぎもんします	gimon shimasu
Perfective	疑問した	ぎもんした	gimon shita
Conjunctive	疑問して	ぎもんして	gimon shite
Hypothetical conditional	疑問すれば	ぎもんすれば	gimon sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

“疑問”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
疑	問

Noun

疑問 • (uimun) (hangeul 의문)

hanja form^? of 의문 (“doubt”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
疑	問

Noun

疑問

chữ Hán form of nghi vấn (“doubt”)

Adjective

疑問

chữ Hán form of nghi vấn (“doubtful”)

[KDJ-1] Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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