畏首畏尾

Chinese

to fear
head; chief; first (occasion)
head; chief; first (occasion); first (thing); measure word for poems
 
to fear tail
simp. and trad.
(畏首畏尾)
Literally: “to be afraid of the head, terrified of the tail”.

Etymology

From The Commentary of Zuo, seventeenth year of Duke Wen of Lu, or 610 B.C.E.:

古人:“畏首畏尾?”,“鹿。” [Classical Chinese, trad.]
古人:“畏首畏尾?”,“鹿。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
Gǔrén yǒu yán yuē: “Wèi shǒu wèi wěi, shēn qí yú jǐ?” Yòu yuē, “lù sǐ bù zé yīn.” [Pinyin]
There is an ancient saying, "Fearing for the head and fearing for the tail, what of the body is one left with (not to fear for)?’ And there is another, ‘The deer driven to its death ignores whether it is screaming in its best voice.’

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2 1/1
Initial () (34) (26) (4)
Final () (21) (136) (21)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed Open Closed
Division () III III III
Fanqie
Baxter 'jw+jH syuwX mj+jX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔʉiH/ /ɕɨuX/ /mʉiX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔʷɨiH/ /ɕiuX/ /mʷɨiX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔiuəiH/ /ɕiəuX/ /miuəiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔujH/ /ɕuwX/ /mujX/
Li
Rong
/ʔiuəiH/ /ɕiuX/ /miuəiX/
Wang
Li
/ĭwəiH/ /ɕĭəuX/ /mĭwəiX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ʔwe̯iH/ /ɕi̯ə̯uX/ /mwe̯iX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
wèi shǒu wěi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
wai3 sau2 mei5
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
wèi shǒu wěi
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔjwɨjH › ‹ syuwX › ‹ mjɨjX ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʔuj-s/ /*l̥uʔ/ /*[m]əjʔ/
English fear (v.); threaten head tail

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2 1/1
No. 12939 11671 12882
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*quls/ /*hljuʔ/ /*mɯlʔ/

Idiom

畏首畏尾

  1. to be afraid of the slightest thing; ever fearful and nervous; to be full of misgivings; to be overcautious

Synonyms

  • 畏頭畏尾畏头畏尾