熙熙攘攘
Chinese
| happy and harmonious; amiable; friendly | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (熙熙攘攘) |
熙熙 | 攘攘 | |
| alternative forms | 熙熙壤壤 | ||
Etymology
From the Records of the Grand Historian:
- 天下熙熙，皆爲利來；天下壤壤，皆爲利往。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Tiānxià xīxī, jiē wèi lì lái; tiānxià rǎngrǎng, jiē wèi lì wǎng. [Pinyin]
- Jostling and joyous,
The whole world comes after profit;
Racing and rioting,
After profit the whole world goes!
天下熙熙，皆为利来；天下壤壤，皆为利往。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Its meaning unchanged, later 壤壤 became obsolete, and the current spelling was fixed.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xīxīrǎngrǎng [Phonetic: xīxīrángrǎng]
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ ㄒㄧ ㄖㄤˇ ㄖㄤˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sisirǎngrǎng
- Wade–Giles: hsi1-hsi1-jang3-jang3
- Yale: syī-syī-rǎng-rǎng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shishiraangraang
- Palladius: сисижанжан (sisižanžan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʐɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xīxīrángráng
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ ㄒㄧ ㄖㄤˊ ㄖㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sisirángráng
- Wade–Giles: hsi1-hsi1-jang2-jang2
- Yale: syī-syī-ráng-ráng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shishirangrang
- Palladius: сисижанжан (sisižanžan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ³⁵ ʐɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hei1 hei1 joeng5 joeng5
- Yale: hēi hēi yéuhng yéuhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: hei1 hei1 joeng5 joeng5
- Guangdong Romanization: héi1 héi1 yêng5 yêng5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hei̯⁵⁵ hei̯⁵⁵ jœːŋ¹³ jœːŋ¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Idiom
熙熙攘攘