焼べる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 焼 |
| く Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 燒べる (kyūjitai) 焚べる |
Etymology
From Old Japanese verb 焼ぶ (kubu).
Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.
Pronunciation
Verb
焼べる • (kuberu) transitive ichidan (stem 焼べ (kube), past 焼べた (kubeta))
- to add, throw on (something) to a fire to keep it burning
- もう少しまきを火にくべなさい。
- Mō sukoshi maki o hi ni kubenasai.
- Put some more wood on the fire.
- もう少しまきを火にくべなさい。
- to stoke, to feed (to maintain (a fire) by adding fuel)
- 火をくべる ― hi o kuberu ― to stoke a fire
Usage notes
- This term is often spelled in kana.
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 焼べ | くべ | kube |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 焼べ | くべ | kube |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 焼べる | くべる | kuberu |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 焼べる | くべる | kuberu |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 焼べれ | くべれ | kubere |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 焼べよ¹ 焼べろ² |
くべよ¹ くべろ² |
kubeyo¹ kubero² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 焼べられる | くべられる | kuberareru |
| Causative | 焼べさせる 焼べさす |
くべさせる くべさす |
kubesaseru kubesasu |
| Potential | 焼べられる 焼べれる³ |
くべられる くべれる³ |
kuberareru kubereru³ |
| Volitional | 焼べよう | くべよう | kubeyō |
| Negative | 焼べない 焼べぬ 焼べん |
くべない くべぬ くべん |
kubenai kubenu kuben |
| Negative continuative | 焼べず | くべず | kubezu |
| Formal | 焼べます | くべます | kubemasu |
| Perfective | 焼べた | くべた | kubeta |
| Conjunctive | 焼べて | くべて | kubete |
| Hypothetical conditional | 焼べれば | くべれば | kubereba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- “△焼べる”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026