炯炯

Chinese

	bright; clear	bright; clear
trad. (炯炯)	炯	炯
simp. ^#(炯炯)	炯	炯
alternative forms	烱烱／炯炯囧囧／冏冏

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiǒngjiǒng

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄥˇ ㄐㄩㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gwing² gwing²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiǒngjiǒng [Phonetic: jióngjiǒng]
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄥˇ ㄐㄩㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jyǒngjyǒng
  - Wade–Giles: chiung³-chiung³
  - Yale: jyǔng-jyǔng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeongjeong
  - Palladius: цзюнцзюн (czjunczjun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwing² gwing²
  - Yale: gwíng gwíng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwing² gwing²
  - Guangdong Romanization: guing² guing²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɪŋ³⁵ kʷɪŋ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: kwengX|hwengX kwengX|hwengX

Rime
Character	炯	炯
Reading #	2/2	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	青 (126)	青 (126)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	古迥切	戸頂切
Baxter	kwengX	hwengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kweŋ^X/	/ɦweŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷeŋ^X/	/ɦʷeŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɛŋ^X/	/ɣuɛŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwɛjŋ^X/	/ɦwɛjŋ^X/
Li Rong	/kueŋ^X/	/ɣueŋ^X/
Wang Li	/kiweŋ^X/	/ɣiweŋ^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kiweŋ^X/	/ɣiweŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiǒng	xiòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwing²	wing⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kʷeːŋʔ|ɡʷeːŋʔ kʷeːŋʔ|ɡʷeːŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	炯	炯
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	6901	6907
Phonetic component	冋	冋
Rime group	耕	耕
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	熲	迥
Old Chinese	/*kʷeːŋʔ/	/*ɡʷeːŋʔ/

Adjective

炯炯

(ideophonic, of eyes, etc.) bright; sparkling
(literary, ideophonic) having eyes wide open; laden with anxiety and unable to sleep

Derived terms

炯炯有光
炯炯有神
目光炯炯

Japanese

Kanji in this term
炯	炯
けい Hyōgai	けい Hyōgai
on'yomi

Alternative spellings
炯々烱烱烱々

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) けーけー [kèékéé] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
(Tokyo) けーけー [kèékéꜜè] (Nakadaka – [3])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ke̞ːke̞ː]

Adjective

炯(けい)炯(けい) • (keikei) ^†-tari (adnominal 炯(けい)炯(けい)とした (keikei to shita) or 炯(けい)炯(けい)たる (keikei taru), adverbial 炯(けい)炯(けい)と (keikei to) or 炯(けい)炯(けい)として (keikei to shite))

(ideophonic, of eyes, etc.) bright; sparkling

Inflection

Classical conjugation of "炯炯たり" (タリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	炯炯たら	けいけいたら	keikeitara
Continuative (連用形)	炯炯と^[1] 炯炯たり^[2]	けいけいとけいけいたり	keikeito keikeitari
Terminal (終止形)	炯炯たり	けいけいたり	keikeitari
Attributive (連体形)	炯炯たる	けいけいたる	keikeitaru
Realis (已然形)	炯炯たれ	けいけいたれ	keikeitare
Imperative (命令形)	炯炯たれ	けいけいたれ	keikeitare
Key constructions
Negative	炯炯たらず	けいけいたらず	keikeitarazu
Contrasting conjunction	炯炯たれど	けいけいたれど	keikeitaredo
Causal conjunction	炯炯たれば	けいけいたれば	keikeitareba
Conditional conjunction	炯炯たらば	けいけいたらば	keikeitaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	炯炯たりき	けいけいたりき	keikeitariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	炯炯たりけり	けいけいたりけり	keikeitarikeri
Adverbial	炯炯と	けいけいと	keikeito

^[1]Without auxiliary verb.
^[2]With auxiliary verb.

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
炯	炯

Root

炯炯 • (hyeonghyeong) (hangeul 형형)

hanja form^? of 형형

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 2.0 ^2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[SMK7-3] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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