混一

Chinese

		to mix; to get along; thoughtless to mix; to get along; thoughtless; confused; dirty; mix	one; single; a one; single; a; (before verbs) as soon as, once; (before a noun) entire (family, etc.)
trad. (混一)		混	一
simp. ^#(混一)		混	一

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hùnyī

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄧ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wan⁶ jat¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hùnyī
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hùnyi
  - Wade–Giles: hun⁴-i¹
  - Yale: hwùn-yī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huenni
  - Palladius: хуньи (xunʹi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wan⁶ jat¹
  - Yale: wahn yāt
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁶ jat⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: wen⁶ yed¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐn²² jɐt̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: hwonX 'jit

Rime
Character	混	一
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)	質 (48)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	胡本切	於悉切
Baxter	hwonX	'jit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuən^X/	/ʔiɪt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuon^X/	/ʔit̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuən^X/	/ʔjet̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwən^X/	/ʔit̚/
Li Rong	/ɣuən^X/	/ʔiĕt̚/
Wang Li	/ɣuən^X/	/ĭĕt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣuən^X/	/ʔi̯ĕt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hùn	yi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wan⁶	jat¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːnʔ qliɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	一
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yī
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjit ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔi[t]/
English	one
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	混	一
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	7536	14833
Phonetic component	昆	一
Rime group	文	質
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	混	一
Old Chinese	/*ɡuːnʔ/	/*qliɡ/

Verb

混一

(literary) to mix together as one; to be unified; to be amalgamated
大明混一圖／大明混一图 ― Dàmíng Hùnyī Tú ― Composite Map of the Ming Empire

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (混一):

→ Japanese: 混一(こんいつ) (kon'itsu)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
混	一
こん Grade: 5	いつ Grade: 1
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こんいつ [kòń'ítsú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [kõ̞ɰ̃it͡sɨ]

Noun

混(こん)一(いつ) • (kon'itsu)

mixing together as one

Verb

混(こん)一(いつ)する • (kon'itsu suru) suru (stem 混(こん)一(いつ)し (kon'itsu shi), past 混(こん)一(いつ)した (kon'itsu shita))

to mix together as one

Conjugation

Conjugation of "混一する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	混一し	こんいつし	kon'itsu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	混一し	こんいつし	kon'itsu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	混一する	こんいつする	kon'itsu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	混一する	こんいつする	kon'itsu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	混一すれ	こんいつすれ	kon'itsu sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	混一せよ¹ 混一しろ²	こんいつせよ¹ こんいつしろ²	kon'itsu seyo¹ kon'itsu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	混一される	こんいつされる	kon'itsu sareru
Causative	混一させる混一さす	こんいつさせるこんいつさす	kon'itsu saseru kon'itsu sasu
Potential	混一できる	こんいつできる	kon'itsu dekiru
Volitional	混一しよう	こんいつしよう	kon'itsu shiyō
Negative	混一しない	こんいつしない	kon'itsu shinai
Negative continuative	混一せず	こんいつせず	kon'itsu sezu
Formal	混一します	こんいつします	kon'itsu shimasu
Perfective	混一した	こんいつした	kon'itsu shita
Conjunctive	混一して	こんいつして	kon'itsu shite
Hypothetical conditional	混一すれば	こんいつすれば	kon'itsu sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN