流下

Chinese

		to flow; to spread; to circulate to flow; to spread; to circulate; to move	under; next; lower under; next; lower; below; underneath; down(wards); to go down; latter
trad. (流下)		流	下
simp. ^#(流下)		流	下
anagram		下流

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): liúxià

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lau⁴ haa⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): liù-hâ
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lâu-hā

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: liúxià
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lióusià
  - Wade–Giles: liu²-hsia⁴
  - Yale: lyóu-syà
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lioushiah
  - Palladius: люся (ljusja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    流下
    留下
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: lau⁴ haa⁶
  - Yale: làuh hah
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lau⁴ haa⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: leo⁴ ha⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɐu̯²¹ haː²²/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    樓下 / 楼下
    流下
    留下
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liù-hâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: liu^ˇ ha^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: liu² ha¹
  - Sinological IPA: /li̯u¹¹ ha²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâu-hā
  - Tâi-lô: lâu-hā
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lau'ha
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /lau²⁴⁻²² ha²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /lau²⁴⁻²² ha⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /lau¹³⁻²² ha²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /lau²⁴⁻¹¹ ha³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /lau²³⁻³³ ha³³/

Verb

流下

to flow down

Japanese

Kanji in this term
流	下
りゅう Grade: 3	か Grade: 1
kan'on

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) りゅうか [ryúꜜùkà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
(Tokyo) りゅうか [ryùúká] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɾʲɨːka̠]

Noun

流(りゅう)下(か) • (ryūka) ^{←りうか (riuka)^?}

flowing down

Verb

流(りゅう)下(か)する • (ryūka suru) ^{←りうか (riuka)^?}transitive or intransitive suru (stem 流(りゅう)下(か)し (ryūka shi), past 流(りゅう)下(か)した (ryūka shita))

flow down

Conjugation

Conjugation of "流下する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	流下し	りゅうかし	ryūka shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	流下し	りゅうかし	ryūka shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	流下する	りゅうかする	ryūka suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	流下する	りゅうかする	ryūka suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	流下すれ	りゅうかすれ	ryūka sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	流下せよ¹ 流下しろ²	りゅうかせよ¹ りゅうかしろ²	ryūka seyo¹ ryūka shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	流下される	りゅうかされる	ryūka sareru
Causative	流下させる流下さす	りゅうかさせるりゅうかさす	ryūka saseru ryūka sasu
Potential	流下できる	りゅうかできる	ryūka dekiru
Volitional	流下しよう	りゅうかしよう	ryūka shiyō
Negative	流下しない	りゅうかしない	ryūka shinai
Negative continuative	流下せず	りゅうかせず	ryūka sezu
Formal	流下します	りゅうかします	ryūka shimasu
Perfective	流下した	りゅうかした	ryūka shita
Conjunctive	流下して	りゅうかして	ryūka shite
Hypothetical conditional	流下すれば	りゅうかすれば	ryūka sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
流	下

Noun

流下 • (yuha) (hangeul 유하)

hanja form^? of 유하