毋敢

Chinese

		no; not	dare
trad. (毋敢)		毋	敢
simp. ^#(毋敢)		毋	敢

Pronunciation

Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): m̀-kám

(Changting, Changting Pinyin): ng² gông³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): m̄-káⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): m⁵ gan²

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: m̀-kám
  - Hakka Romanization System: m^ˇ gam^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: m² gam³
  - Sinological IPA: /m¹¹ kam³¹/
- (Changting)
  - Changting Pinyin: ng² gông³
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋ̍²⁴ kɔŋ⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: m̄-káⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: m̄-kánn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: mxkvar
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /m̩²²⁻²¹ kã⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /m̩⁴¹⁻²² kã⁵⁵⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /m̩²²⁻²¹ kã⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /m̩³³⁻¹¹ kã⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /m̩³³⁻²¹ kã⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: m⁵ gan²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: m̂ káⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /m⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kã⁵²/

Verb

毋敢

(Hakka, Hokkien, Teochew) to not dare (do something)

Synonyms

不敢 (bùgǎn)
(Cantonese) 唔敢 (m4 gam2)

References

“毋敢”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2026.
周存 [Zhōu, Cún], editor (2023), “唔敢”, in 长汀话词典 CHANGTINGHUA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Changting Dialect] (overall work in Hakka and Mandarin), Guangzhou: 世界图书出版有限公司 [World Book Publishing Co., Ltd.], →ISBN, page 714.