正座

Chinese

just (right); main; upright
just (right); main; upright; straight; correct; principle; Chinese 1st month of year
 
seat; base; stand
seat; base; stand; measure word for large, solid things
 
simp. and trad.
(正座) 		正 座

Pronunciation

Noun

正座

  1. seat facing the stage (in a theater)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
正 座
せい
Grade: 1 		ざ
Grade: 6
kan'on goon
Alternative spelling
正坐

Attested from the 12th century.[1] (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Noun

正(せい)座(ざ) • (seiza) 

  1. sitting (kneeling) in a particular traditional Japanese way (with legs folded under oneself); seiza

Verb

正(せい)座(ざ)する • (seiza suru) suru (stem 正(せい)座(ざ)し (seiza shi), past 正(せい)座(ざ)した (seiza shita))

  1. to sit in the seiza way
Conjugation
Conjugation of "正座する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 正座し せいざし seiza shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 正座し せいざし seiza shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 正座する せいざする seiza suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 正座する せいざする seiza suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 正座すれ せいざすれ seiza sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 正座せよ¹
正座しろ² 		せいざせよ¹
せいざしろ² 		seiza seyo¹
seiza shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 正座される せいざされる seiza sareru
Causative 正座させる
正座さす 		せいざさせる
せいざさす 		seiza saseru
seiza sasu
Potential 正座できる せいざできる seiza dekiru
Volitional 正座しよう せいざしよう seiza shiyō
Negative 正座しない せいざしない seiza shinai
Negative continuative 正座せず せいざせず seiza sezu
Formal 正座します せいざします seiza shimasu
Perfective 正座した せいざした seiza shita
Conjunctive 正座して せいざして seiza shite
Hypothetical conditional 正座すれば せいざすれば seiza sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Descendants

  • → English: seiza

See also

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
正 座
しょう
Grade: 1 		ざ
Grade: 6
goon

Attested from at least the 18th century.[1] (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) しょーざ [shòózá] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [ɕo̞ːza̠]

Noun

正(しょう)座(ざ) • (shōza) ←しゃうざ (syauza)?

  1. the seat of honor (where honored guests should sit), the seat in the front
Synonyms
  • 横(よこ)座(ざ) (yokoza)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten] (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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