欸乃

Chinese

			to be; thus; so to be; thus; so; therefore; then; only; thereupon
simp. and trad. (欸乃)		欸	乃

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ǎinǎi, ǎo'ǎi

(Zhuyin): ㄞˇ ㄋㄞˇ, ㄠˇ ㄞˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): aai² naai⁵ / oi² naai⁵ / ai² naai⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ǎinǎi [Phonetic: áinǎi]
  - Zhuyin: ㄞˇ ㄋㄞˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ǎinǎi
  - Wade–Giles: ai³-nai³
  - Yale: ǎi-nǎi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aenae
  - Palladius: айнай (ajnaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ǎo'ǎi [Phonetic: áoǎi]
  - Zhuyin: ㄠˇ ㄞˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ǎo-ǎi
  - Wade–Giles: ao³-ai³
  - Yale: ǎu-ǎi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aoae
  - Palladius: аоай (aoaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: aai² naai⁵ / oi² naai⁵ / ai² naai⁵
  - Yale: áai náaih / ói náaih / ái náaih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: aai² naai⁵ / oi² naai⁵ / ai² naai⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: ai² nai⁵ / oi² nai⁵ / ei² nai⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /aːi̯³⁵ naːi̯¹³/, /ɔːi̯³⁵ naːi̯¹³/, /ɐi̯³⁵ naːi̯¹³/

Middle Chinese: 'ojX nojX

Rime
Character	欸	乃
Reading #	2/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	於改切	奴亥切
Baxter	'ojX	nojX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔʌi^X/	/nʌi^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔəi^X/	/nəi^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɒi^X/	/nɒi^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəj^X/	/nəj^X/
Li Rong	/ʔᴀi^X/	/nᴀi^X/
Wang Li	/ɒi^X/	/nɒi^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔɑ̆i^X/	/nɑ̆i^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ǎi	nǎi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	oi²	noi⁵

Noun

欸乃

(literary, onomatopoeia) the sound of an oar sculling
(literary, onomatopoeia) the sound of a boatman singing while rowing a boat
(literary, onomatopoeia) the sound of melodious singing

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
欸	乃
ふなうた
Hyōgai	Jinmeiyō
jukujikun

For pronunciation and definitions of 欸乃 – see the following entry.

【ふなうた】

[noun] boating song

Alternative spellings
船唄, 船歌, 舟唄, 舟歌

(This term, 欸乃, is an alternative spelling (literary, least common) of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
欸	乃
あい Hyōgai	だい Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

Derived from Middle Chinese 欸乃 (MC 'ojX nojX).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [a̠ida̠i]

Noun

欸(あい)乃(だい) • (aidai) ^{←あいだい (aidai)^?}

(literary) boating song, or the sound of a boating song
Synonym: ふなうた (funauta)
- 1906, Torahiko Terada, Arashi‎^[1]:
  
  これは美(うつく)しいが、夜(よる)の欸乃(あいだい)は侘(わび)しい。
  Kore wa utsukushii ga, yoru no aidai wa wabishii.
  (please add an English translation of this example)

References

“^▲欸^▲乃”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026