機能

See also: 机能

Chinese

		machine; opportunity; secret	ability; can; may ability; can; may; capable; energy; able
trad. (機能)		機	能
simp. (机能)		机	能

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jīnéng

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄋㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gei¹ nang⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kî-nèn

(Hailu, HRS): gi^ˋ nen
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gi¹ neng²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ki-nn̂g / ki-lêng
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ci-nen₆

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jīnéng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄋㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jinéng
  - Wade–Giles: chi¹-nêng²
  - Yale: jī-néng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jineng
  - Palladius: цзинэн (czinɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵ nɤŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gei¹ nang⁴
  - Yale: gēi nàhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gei¹ nang⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: géi¹ neng⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kei̯⁵⁵ nɐŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kî-nèn
  - Hakka Romanization System: gi^ˊ nen^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gi¹ nen²
  - Sinological IPA: /ki²⁴ nen¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: gi^ˋ nen
  - Sinological IPA: /ki⁵³ nen⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gi¹ neng² [Phonetic: gi⁵ neng²]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gi-néng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki⁵³³⁻¹¹ nɛŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gi¹ neng² [Phonetic: gi⁵ neng²]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ nɛŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki-nn̂g
  - Tâi-lô: ki-nn̂g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kinngg
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ki³³ nŋ̍²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki-lêng
  - Tâi-lô: ki-lîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kileeng
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ki⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ki⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹ci-nen₆
  - MiniDict: ci^平 nen^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ji-nen₃
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵ nən²¹/

Noun

機能

function (in cells, tissues, nerves, organs, etc.)
機能亢進／机能亢进 ― jīnéng kàngjìn ― hyperfunction (in medicine)

Synonyms

edit

作用 (zuòyòng)
力 (lì) (literary, or in compounds)
功能 (gōngnéng)
性能 (xìngnéng)
職能 / 职能 (zhínéng)

Derived terms

甲狀腺機能亢進 / 甲状腺机能亢进 (jiǎzhuàngxiàn jīnéng kàngjìn)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
機	能
き Grade: 4	のう Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きのー [kíꜜnòò] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [kʲino̞ː]

Noun

機(き)能(のう) • (kinō)

a function
一切(いっさい)の機(き)能(のう)が停(てい)止(し)した。
Issai no kinō ga teishi shita.
All its functions are suspended.

Derived terms

機(き)能(のう)的(てき) (kinōteki)
機(き)能(のう)主(しゅ)義(ぎ) (kinō shugi)
機(き)能(のう)障(しょう)害(がい) (kinō shōgai)
肝(かん)機(き)能(のう) (kankinō)
学(がく)習(しゅう)機(き)能(のう) (gakushū kinō)
生活(せいかつ)機(き)能(のう) (seikatsu kinō)
生(せい)殖(しょく)機(き)能(のう) (seishoku kinō)
代(たい)謝(しゃ)機(き)能(のう) (taisha kinō)
多(た)機(き)能(のう) (takinō)
認(にん)知(ち)機(き)能(のう) (ninchi kinō)

Verb

機(き)能(のう)する • (kinō suru) suru (stem 機(き)能(のう)し (kinō shi), past 機(き)能(のう)した (kinō shita))

function (as something), work

Conjugation

Conjugation of "機能する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	機能し	きのうし	kinō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	機能し	きのうし	kinō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	機能する	きのうする	kinō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	機能する	きのうする	kinō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	機能すれ	きのうすれ	kinō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	機能せよ¹ 機能しろ²	きのうせよ¹ きのうしろ²	kinō seyo¹ kinō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	機能される	きのうされる	kinō sareru
Causative	機能させる機能さす	きのうさせるきのうさす	kinō saseru kinō sasu
Potential	機能できる	きのうできる	kinō dekiru
Volitional	機能しよう	きのうしよう	kinō shiyō
Negative	機能しない	きのうしない	kinō shinai
Negative continuative	機能せず	きのうせず	kinō sezu
Formal	機能します	きのうします	kinō shimasu
Perfective	機能した	きのうした	kinō shita
Conjunctive	機能して	きのうして	kinō shite
Hypothetical conditional	機能すれば	きのうすれば	kinō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

“機能”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
機	能

Noun

機能 • (gineung) (hangeul 기능)

hanja form^? of 기능 (“function or functionality”)