服膺

Chinese

		clothes; dress; garment clothes; dress; garment; submit; take (medicine)	breast; receive
trad. (服膺)		服	膺
simp. ^#(服膺)		服	膺

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fúyīng

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˊ ㄧㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk⁶ jing¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fúyīng
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ ㄧㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fúying
  - Wade–Giles: fu²-ying¹
  - Yale: fú-yīng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fwuing
  - Palladius: фуин (fuin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu³⁵ iŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fuk⁶ jing¹
  - Yale: fuhk yīng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fuk⁹ jing¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fug⁶ ying¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊk̚² jɪŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: bjuwk 'ing

Rime
Character	服	膺
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)	蒸 (133)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	房六切	於陵切
Baxter	bjuwk	'ing
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨuk̚/	/ʔɨŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/biuk̚/	/ʔɨŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/biuk̚/	/ʔieŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buwk̚/	/ʔiŋ/
Li Rong	/biuk̚/	/ʔiəŋ/
Wang Li	/bĭuk̚/	/ĭəŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱi̯uk̚/	/ʔi̯əŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fú	yīng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fuk⁶	jing¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ək [q](r)əŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*bɯɡ qɯŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	服	膺
Reading #	3/4	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fú	yīng
Middle Chinese	‹ bjuwk ›	‹ ʔing ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]ək/	/*[q](r)əŋ/
English	subdue, submit	breast(plate); oppose
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	服	膺
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	3366	15348
Phonetic component	服	鷹
Rime group	職	蒸
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	伏	膺
Old Chinese	/*bɯɡ/	/*qɯŋ/

Verb

服膺

(literary) to bear in mind and be deeply convinced of; to keep firmly in mind have sincere belief in

Derived terms

拳拳服膺

Japanese

Kanji in this term
服	膺
ふく Grade: 3	よう Hyōgai
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ふくよー [fùkúyóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟̊kɯ̟jo̞ː]

Noun

服(ふく)膺(よう) • (fukuyō)

bearing in mind

Derived terms

拳拳服膺(けんけんふくよう) (kenken fukuyō)

Verb

服(ふく)膺(よう)する • (fukuyō suru) suru (stem 服(ふく)膺(よう)し (fukuyō shi), past 服(ふく)膺(よう)した (fukuyō shita))

bear in mind

Conjugation

Conjugation of "服膺する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	服膺し	ふくようし	fukuyō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	服膺し	ふくようし	fukuyō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	服膺する	ふくようする	fukuyō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	服膺する	ふくようする	fukuyō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	服膺すれ	ふくようすれ	fukuyō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	服膺せよ¹ 服膺しろ²	ふくようせよ¹ ふくようしろ²	fukuyō seyo¹ fukuyō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	服膺される	ふくようされる	fukuyō sareru
Causative	服膺させる服膺さす	ふくようさせるふくようさす	fukuyō saseru fukuyō sasu
Potential	服膺できる	ふくようできる	fukuyō dekiru
Volitional	服膺しよう	ふくようしよう	fukuyō shiyō
Negative	服膺しない	ふくようしない	fukuyō shinai
Negative continuative	服膺せず	ふくようせず	fukuyō sezu
Formal	服膺します	ふくようします	fukuyō shimasu
Perfective	服膺した	ふくようした	fukuyō shita
Conjunctive	服膺して	ふくようして	fukuyō shite
Hypothetical conditional	服膺すれば	ふくようすれば	fukuyō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

“服^▲膺”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026