時雨

時雨

1. (literary) timely rain

時雨

1. (Longyan Min) thunder shower

From Old Japanese.

The 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) and 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 時雨る (shiguru), modern 時雨れる (shigureru, “to rain a shower”).

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 時雨 / 时雨 (shíyǔ).

• (Tokyo) しぐれ [shìgúré] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [ɕiɡɯ̟ɾe̞]

時雨(しぐれ) • (shigure) 

1. a rainshower in late summer, autumn, or winter
   • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1:
     ^[2]

     𩅧雨　孫愐曰：「𩅧雨小雨也。」音與終同。漢鈔云：［之久禮］

     Drizzle - Sun Mian said: drizzle is a light rain. The pronunciation is the same with 終 (shū). A Han banknote reads “shigure”.

2. (by extension, figurative) shedding tears
3. short for 時雨煮 (shigureni), 時雨羹 (shigurekan), 時雨饅頭 (shigure manjū), etc.
4. short for 時雨蛤 (shigure hamaguri): clams cooked in the shigureni method with soy sauce; a specialty of Kuwana, Mie Prefecture

As a 季語 (kigo, “seasonal word”), originally referred to rainshowers in late autumn to early winter. The extension to include late summer and the whole of autumn is only attested between the compilation of the Kokin and Kin'yō Wakashū. Today, shigure only refers to a winter rainshower.

時雨(しぐれ)する • (shigure suru) suru (stem 時雨(しぐれ)し (shigure shi), past 時雨(しぐれ)した (shigure shita))

1. to rain a shower
2. to shed tears

時雨(しぐれ) • (Shigure) 

1. name of an 泡盛 (awamori, “Okinawan liquor made from rice or millet”)
2. a Shiratsuyu-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II, see Japanese destroyer Shigure (1935) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
3. a female given name
4. a surname

From Middle Chinese 時雨 (MC dzyi hjuX). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

• (Tokyo) じう [jíꜜù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [d͡ʑiɯ̟]

時(じ)雨(う) • (jiu) 

1. timely or seasonable rain
2. Same as しぐれ (shigure) above

• 時雨(じう)の化(か) (jiu no ka)

時(じ)雨(う) • (Jiu) 

1. a female given name

• “〈時雨〉”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

• Etymology entry for 時雨 (shigure) on Gogen-Yurai Jiten (Etymology and Origin Dictionary; in Japanese): http://gogen-allguide.com/si/shigure.html

The 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) and 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 時雨る (siguru, “to rain a shower”).

時雨 (sigure) (kana しぐれ)

1. a rainshower in late autumn or early winter

   Synonym: 時雨の雨 (sigure no₂ ame₂)

   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 10, poem 2214:
     , text here

     夕去者鴈之越徃龍田山四具礼尓競色付尓家里

     yupu sareba kari no₂ koyeyuku Tatuta-yama sigure ni ki₁popi₁ iro₂duki₁nike₁ri

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

• Japanese: 時雨 (shigure), 時雨れる (shigureru)