新鮮

See also: 新鲜

Chinese

		new; newly; meso- (chem.)	few; rare; fresh
trad. (新鮮)		新	鮮
simp. (新鲜)		新	鲜

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xīnxiān

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣㄒㄧㄢ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щинщүан (xinxüan, I-I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): san¹ sin¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sîn-siên

(Meixian, Guangdong): xin¹ xiên¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sin-sian / sin-sián

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xīnxiān → xīnxian (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣㄒㄧㄢ → ㄒㄧㄣ ˙ㄒㄧㄢ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sinsiån
  - Wade–Giles: hsin¹-hsien⁵
  - Yale: syīn-syan
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shin.shian
  - Palladius: синьсянь (sinʹsjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/ → /ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn²/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щинщүан (xinxüan, I-I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ²⁴ ɕyæ̃²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: san¹ sin¹
  - Yale: sān sīn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: san¹ sin¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sen¹ xin¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐn⁵⁵ siːn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sîn-siên
  - Hakka Romanization System: xin^ˊ xien^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xin¹ xian¹
  - Sinological IPA: /sin²⁴⁻¹¹ si̯en²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xin¹ xiên¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕin⁴⁴ ɕiɛn⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sin-sian
  - Tâi-lô: sin-sian
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sinsiefn
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sin³³ siɛn³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sin⁴⁴⁻³³ siɛn⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sin⁴⁴⁻²² siɛn⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sin-sián
  - Tâi-lô: sin-sián
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sinsiern
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /sin⁴⁴⁻³³ siɛn⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sin⁴⁴⁻²² siɛn⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /sin⁴⁴⁻³³ siɛn⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sin³³ siɛn⁵⁵⁴/

Adjective

新鮮

(of food, air, etc.) fresh
今天的蔬菜非常新鮮。 [MSC, trad.]
今天的蔬菜非常新鲜。 [MSC, simp.]
Jīntiān de shūcài fēicháng xīnxiān. [Pinyin]
Today's vegetables are very fresh.

呼吸新鮮空氣／呼吸新鲜空气 ― hūxī xīnxiān kōngqì ― to breathe in fresh air
(of an experience) new; novel
我在這裡接觸了這麼多的新鮮事物，我真是大開眼界。 [MSC, trad.]
我在这里接触了这么多的新鲜事物，我真是大开眼界。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒ zài zhèlǐ jiēchù le zhème duō de xīnxiān shìwù, wǒ zhēnshì dàkāiyǎnjiè. [Pinyin]
I have come into contact with so many new things here — it's been really eye-opening.
brightly coloured
rare; unusual; odd; strange

Synonyms

(fresh):

Dialectal synonyms of 新鮮 (“fresh (food)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		新鮮
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	新鮮
	Taiwan	新鮮
	Malaysia	新鮮
	Singapore	新鮮
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	新鮮
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	新鮮
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	新新
	Guiyang	新鮮
	Guilin	新鮮
Cantonese	Guangzhou	新鮮
	Hong Kong	新鮮
	Taishan	生鮮
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	新鮮
	Penang (Guangfu)	新鮮
	Singapore (Guangfu)	新鮮
Gan	Pingxiang	新新, 新鮮
Hakka	Meixian	新鮮
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	萋, 新鮮
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	萋, 新鮮
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	萋, 新鮮
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	萋, 新鮮
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	萋, 新鮮
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	萋
Southern Min	Xiamen	鮮, 鮮尺
	Quanzhou	鮮, 鮮尺
	Jinjiang	鮮尺
	Zhangzhou	鮮, 鮮尺
	Zhao'an	鮮
	Dongshan	鮮
	Tainan	鮮, 鮮尺
	Penang (Hokkien)	鮮
	Singapore (Hokkien)	鮮, 鮮尺
	Manila (Hokkien)	鮮尺
	Chaozhou	鮮, 新鮮
	Shantou	鮮
	Singapore (Teochew)	鮮
	Wenchang	新鮮
	Haikou	生鮮
	Qionghai	新鮮
Wu	Shanghai (Chongming)	新鮮
Wu	Suzhou	新鮮, 鮮鮮 dated
Xiang	Loudi	新新

(new):

edit

別致 / 别致 (biézhì)
新奇 (xīnqí)
新穎 / 新颖 (xīnyǐng)
穎異 / 颖异 (yǐngyì) (formal)
花花 (huāhuā) (dialectal)
跟尋常不同 / 跟寻常不同 (gēn xúncháng bùtóng)

(brightly coloured): (Hokkien) 嫣頭／嫣头
(rare):

edit

少有 (shǎoyǒu)
少見 / 少见 (shǎojiàn)
惡得 / 恶得 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
生僻 (shēngpì)
稀有 (xīyǒu)
稀罕
罕得 (Hokkien)
罕時 / 罕时 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
罕見 / 罕见 (hǎnjiàn)
罕覯 / 罕觏 (hǎngòu)
罕討 / 罕讨 (Min Nan)
趁討 / 趁讨 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
難得 / 难得 (nándé) (usually of an opportunity)

Derived terms

新鮮事 / 新鲜事
新鮮人 / 新鲜人 (xīnxiānrén)
新鮮感 / 新鲜感 (xīnxiāngǎn)
新鮮血液 / 新鲜血液

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (新鮮):

→ Japanese: 新鮮(しんせん) (shinsen)
→ Korean: 신선(新鮮) (sinseon)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
新	鮮
しん Grade: 2	せん Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しんせん [shìńséń] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕĩɰ̃sẽ̞ɴ]

Adjective

新(しん)鮮(せん) • (shinsen) -na (adnominal 新(しん)鮮(せん)な (shinsen na), adverbial 新(しん)鮮(せん)に (shinsen ni))

fresh

Inflection

Inflection of 新鮮
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	新鮮だろ	しんせんだろ	shinsen daro
Continuative (連用形)	新鮮で	しんせんで	shinsen de
Terminal (終止形)	新鮮だ	しんせんだ	shinsen da
Attributive (連体形)	新鮮な	しんせんな	shinsen na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	新鮮なら	しんせんなら	shinsen nara
Imperative (命令形)	新鮮であれ	しんせんであれ	shinsen de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	新鮮ではない新鮮じゃない	しんせんではないしんせんじゃない	shinsen de wa nai shinsen ja nai
Informal past	新鮮だった	しんせんだった	shinsen datta
Informal negative past	新鮮ではなかった新鮮じゃなかった	しんせんではなかったしんせんじゃなかった	shinsen de wa nakatta shinsen ja nakatta
Formal	新鮮です	しんせんです	shinsen desu
Formal negative	新鮮ではありません新鮮じゃありません	しんせんではありませんしんせんじゃありません	shinsen de wa arimasen shinsen ja arimasen
Formal past	新鮮でした	しんせんでした	shinsen deshita
Formal negative past	新鮮ではありませんでした新鮮じゃありませんでした	しんせんではありませんでしたしんせんじゃありませんでした	shinsen de wa arimasen deshita shinsen ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	新鮮で	しんせんで	shinsen de
Conditional	新鮮なら（ば）	しんせんなら（ば）	shinsen nara (ba)
Provisional	新鮮だったら	しんせんだったら	shinsen dattara
Volitional	新鮮だろう	しんせんだろう	shinsen darō
Adverbial	新鮮に	しんせんに	shinsen ni
Degree	新鮮さ	しんせんさ	shinsensa

Noun

新(しん)鮮(せん) • (shinsen)

freshness

References

^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

“新鮮”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

Chinese

Pronunciation

Adjective

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Japanese

Pronunciation

Adjective

Inflection

Noun

References