斬首

See also: 斩首

Chinese

		behead; chop	head; chief; first (occasion) head; chief; first (occasion); first (thing); measure word for poems
trad. (斬首)		斬	首
simp. (斩首)		斩	首

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhǎnshǒu

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄢˇ ㄕㄡˇ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zan³ sou³
Cantonese (Jyutping): zaam² sau²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chám-siú

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhǎnshǒu [Phonetic: zhánshǒu]
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄢˇ ㄕㄡˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhǎnshǒu
  - Wade–Giles: chan³-shou³
  - Yale: jǎn-shǒu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaanshoou
  - Palladius: чжаньшоу (čžanʹšou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zan³ sou³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zansou
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡san⁵³ səu⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zaam² sau²
  - Yale: jáam sáu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzaam² sau²
  - Guangdong Romanization: zam² seo²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːm³⁵ sɐu̯³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chám-siú
  - Tâi-lô: tsám-siú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zafmsiuo
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siu⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siu⁵⁵⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siu⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siu⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siu⁴¹/

Verb

斬⫽首 (verb-object) (intransitive)

to behead; to decapitate

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 斬首 (“to behead”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		斬首, 殺頭, 砍頭, 開刀 archaic
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	砍頭, 殺頭, 斬首
	Harbin	殺頭
	Singapore	砍頭
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	斬首, 殺頭
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	斬首
	Xining	斬首
	Xuzhou	殺頭, 砍頭
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	砍頭
	Lanzhou	斬首
	Ürümqi	砍頭
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	砍腦殼, 斬首
	Wuhan	殺頭, 砍頭
	Guiyang	砍腦殼
	Liuzhou	砍腦殼, 殺頭
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	砍頭, 斬頭
	Yangzhou	殺頭
	Nantong	剁頭
Cantonese	Guangzhou	斬頭
	Hong Kong	斬頭, 殺頭
	Taishan	斬頭
	Dongguan	斬頭
Gan	Nanchang	殺頭, 砍頭
	Lichuan	殺頭
	Pingxiang	殺腦殼
Hakka	Meixian	殺頭
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	斬頭, 㓾頭, 剁頭
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	斬頭, 㓾頭, 剁頭
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	斬頭, 㓾頭, 剁頭
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	斬頭, 㓾頭, 剁頭
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	斬頭, 㓾頭, 剁頭
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	斬頭, 㓾頭, 剁頭
Huizhou	Jixi	殺頭
Jin	Taiyuan	砍頭
Jin	Xinzhou	砍得腦
Northern Min	Jian'ou	殺頭
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	刣頭
Southern Min	Xiamen	刣頭, 斬頭
	Quanzhou	刣頭, 斬頭
	Jinjiang	刣頭
	Yongchun	刣頭
	Zhangzhou	刣頭, 斬頭, 摧頭
	Tainan	刣頭
	Penang (Hokkien)	刣頭
	Singapore (Hokkien)	刣頭
	Manila (Hokkien)	鏨頭, 刣頭
	Jieyang	斬頭, 刣頭
	Leizhou	砍頭
	Haikou	砍頭
Puxian Min	Putian	刣頭
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	刣頭
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	刣頭
	Xianyou	刣頭
	Xianyou (Fengting)	刣頭
	Xianyou (Youyang)	刣頭
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	斬首, 砍頭
Wu	Shanghai	殺頭
	Shanghai (Chongming)	殺頭
	Suzhou	殺頭
	Danyang	殺頭
	Hangzhou	殺頭
	Ningbo	殺頭
	Wenzhou	殺頭
	Jinhua	殺頭, 得頭
Xiang	Changsha	砍頭
Xiang	Loudi	斫腦殼

Japanese

Kanji in this term
斬	首
ざん Grade: S	しゅ Grade: 2
on'yomi

Noun

斬(ざん)首(しゅ) • (zanshu)

decapitation, beheading

Verb

斬(ざん)首(しゅ)する • (zanshu suru) suru (stem 斬(ざん)首(しゅ)し (zanshu shi), past 斬(ざん)首(しゅ)した (zanshu shita))

to behead, decapitate

Conjugation

Conjugation of "斬首する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	斬首し	ざんしゅし	zanshu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	斬首し	ざんしゅし	zanshu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	斬首する	ざんしゅする	zanshu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	斬首する	ざんしゅする	zanshu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	斬首すれ	ざんしゅすれ	zanshu sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	斬首せよ¹ 斬首しろ²	ざんしゅせよ¹ ざんしゅしろ²	zanshu seyo¹ zanshu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	斬首される	ざんしゅされる	zanshu sareru
Causative	斬首させる斬首さす	ざんしゅさせるざんしゅさす	zanshu saseru zanshu sasu
Potential	斬首できる	ざんしゅできる	zanshu dekiru
Volitional	斬首しよう	ざんしゅしよう	zanshu shiyō
Negative	斬首しない	ざんしゅしない	zanshu shinai
Negative continuative	斬首せず	ざんしゅせず	zanshu sezu
Formal	斬首します	ざんしゅします	zanshu shimasu
Perfective	斬首した	ざんしゅした	zanshu shita
Conjunctive	斬首して	ざんしゅして	zanshu shite
Hypothetical conditional	斬首すれば	ざんしゅすれば	zanshu sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

“斬首”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
斬	首

Noun

斬首 • (chamsu) (hangeul 참수)

hanja form^? of 참수 (“beheading; decapitation”)